§3πρῶτον μὲν οὖν δοκεῖ μοι τῆς ἔχθρας τὸ βλαβερώτατον ὠφελιμώτατον ἂν γενέσθαι τοῖς προσέχουσιν.
First of all, then, it seems to me that the most harmful part of enmity can become the most useful to those who pay attention.
τί δὲ τοῦτʼ ἐστίν;
And what is this?
ἐφεδρεύει σου τοῖς πράγμασιν ἐγρηγορὼς ὁ ἐχθρὸς ἀεὶ καὶ λαβὴν ζητῶν πανταχόθεν περιοδεύει τὸν βίον, οὐ διὰ δρυὸς μόνον ὁρῶν ὡς ὁ Λυγκεὺς οὐδὲ διὰ λίθων καὶ ὀστράκων, ἀλλὰ καὶ διὰ φίλου καὶ οἰκέτου καὶ διὰ συνήθους παντὸς ὡς ἀνυστόν ἐστι φωρῶν τὰ πραττόμενα καὶ τὰ βουλευόμενα διορύττων καὶ διερευνώμενος.
The enemy, being awake, always watches your affairs, and seeking a hold from everywhere, circulates around your life, seeing not only through an oak tree like Lynceus, nor through stones and shells, but through friend and servant and every acquaintance, as far as possible, detecting what is being done, digging up and searching out what is being planned.
οἱ μὲν γὰρ φίλοι καὶ νοσοῦντες ἡμᾶς πολλάκις καὶ ἀποθνῄσκοντες λανθάνουσιν ἀμελοῦντας καὶ ὀλιγωροῦντας, τῶν δʼ ἐχθρῶν μονονουχὶ καὶ τοὺς ὀνείρους πολυπραγμονοῦμεν· νόσοι δὲ καὶ δανεισμοὶ καὶ διαφοραὶ πρὸς γυναῖκας αὐτοὺς ἐκείνους μᾶλλον ἢ τὸν ἐχθρὸν λανθάνουσι.
For while our friends, when they are sick or even dying, often escape our notice because we are careless and neglectful, we busy ourselves with almost the very dreams of our enemies; and their own sicknesses, debts, and disputes with their wives escape the notice of those very people more than they do the enemy's.
μάλιστα δὲ τῶν ἁμαρτιῶν ἔχεται καὶ ταύτας ἐξιχνεύει.
And he especially clings to our errors and tracks them down.
καὶ καθάπερ οἱ γῦπες ἐπὶ τὰς ὀσμὰς τῶν διεφθορότων σωμάτων φέρονται, τῶν δὲ καθαρῶν καὶ ὑγιαινόντων αἴσθησιν οὐκ ἔχουσιν, οὕτω τὰ νοσοῦντα τοῦ βίου καὶ φαῦλα καὶ πεπονθότα κινεῖ τὸν ἐχθρόν, καὶ πρὸς ταῦθʼ οἱ μισοῦντες ᾄττουσι καὶ τούτων ἅπτονται καὶ σπαράττουσι.
And just as vultures are carried toward the odors of corrupted bodies, but have no perception of clean and healthy ones, so the diseased, bad, and suffering parts of life move the enemy, and toward these those who hate us rush, and these they lay hold of and tear to pieces.
τοῦτʼ οὖν ὠφέλιμόν ἐστι;
Is this then useful?
πάνυ μὲν οὖν, εὐλαβούμενον ζῆν καὶ προσέχειν ἑαυτῷ καὶ μήτε πράττειν μηδὲν ὀλιγώρως καὶ ἀπερισκέπτως μήτε λέγειν, ἀλλʼ ἀεὶ διαφυλάττειν ὥσπερ ἐν ἀκριβεῖ διαίτῃ τὸν βίον ἀνεπίληπτον· ἡ γὰρ οὕτω συστέλλουσα τὰ πάθη καὶ συνέχουσα τὸν λογισμὸν εὐλάβεια μελέτην ἐμποιεῖ καὶ προαίρεσιν τοῦ ζῆν ἐπιεικῶς καὶ ἀνεγκλήτως.
Very much so, leading one to live cautiously, to pay attention to oneself, and neither to do nor to speak anything carelessly and thoughtlessly, but always to preserve one's life blameless as if under a strict regimen; for this caution, which thus contracts the passions and holds reason together, produces practice and a purpose of living decently and blamelessly.
καθάπερ γὰρ αἱ πολέμοις ἀστυγειτονικοῖς καὶ στρατείαις ἐνδελεχέσι σωφρονιζόμεναι πόλεις εὐνομίαν καὶ πολιτείαν ὑγιαίνουσαν ἠγάπησαν, οὕτως οἱ διʼ ἔχθρας τινὰς ἀναγκασθέντες ἐπινήφειν τῷ βίῳ καὶ φυλάττεσθαι τὸ ῥᾳθυμεῖν καὶ καταφρονεῖν καὶ μετʼ εὐχρηστίας ἕκαστα πράττειν λανθάνουσιν εἰς τὸ ἀναμάρτητον ὑπὸ τῆς συνηθείας ἀγόμενοι καὶ κατακοσμούμενοι τὸν τρόπον, ἂν καὶ μικρὸν ὁ λόγος συνεπιλαμβάνηται.
For just as cities chastened by neighboring wars and constant campaigns embrace good order and a healthy constitution, so those who are forced by certain enmities to be sober in life, to guard against laziness and complacency, and to do everything with utility, are led, without noticing, into errorlessness by habit and have their character adorned, even if reason plays only a small part.
τὸ γάρ
"
ἦ κεν γηθήσαι Πρίαμος Πριάμοιό τε παῖδες
"
οἷς ἐστιν ἀεὶ πρόχειρον, ἐπιστρέφει καὶ διατρέπει καὶ ἀφίστησι τῶν τοιούτων ἐφʼ οἷς οἱ ἐχθροὶ χαίρουσι καὶ καταγελῶσι.
For "Surely Priam and the sons of Priam would rejoice, "being always at hand for them, turns them back, diverts them, and keeps them away from such things in which their enemies rejoice and mock.
καὶ μὴν τοὺς περὶ τὸν Διόνυσον τεχνίτας ὁρῶμεν ἐκλελυμένους καὶ ἀπροθύμους καὶ οὐκ ἀκριβῶς πολλάκις ἀγωνιζομένους ἐν τοῖς θεάτροις ἐφʼ ἑαυτῶν· ὅταν δʼ ἅμιλλα καὶ ἀγὼν γένηται πρὸς ἑτέρους, οὐ μόνον αὑτοὺς ἀλλὰ καὶ τὰ ὄργανα μᾶλλον συνεπιστρέφουσι, χορδολογοῦντες καὶ ἀκριβέστερον ἁρμοζόμενοι καὶ καταυλοῦντες.
Indeed, we see the artists of Dionysus relaxed, indifferent, and often not competing accurately in the theaters by themselves; but when a rivalry and contest arises against others, they not only adjust themselves but also their instruments more, tightening the strings, tuning more accurately, and playing the flutes.
ὅστις οὖν οἶδεν ἀνταγωνιστὴν βίου καὶ δόξης τὸν ἐχθρὸν ὄντα, προσέχει μᾶλλον αὑτῷ, καὶ τὰ πράγματα περισκοπεῖ καὶ διαρμόζεται τὸν βίον.
Whoever, therefore, knows that the enemy is a competitor in life and reputation pays more attention to himself, looks around his affairs, and coordinates his life.
ἐπεὶ καὶ τοῦτο τῆς κακίας ἴδιόν ἐστι, τὸ τοὺς ἐχθροὺς αἰσχύνεσθαι μᾶλλον ἢ τοὺς φίλους ἐφʼ οἷς ἐξαμαρτάνομεν.
Since this also is characteristic of vice: to feel shame before enemies rather than friends for the things we commit.
ὅθεν ὁ Νασικᾶς, οἰομένων τινῶν καὶ λεγόντων ἐν ἀσφαλεῖ γεγονέναι τὰ Ῥωμαίων πράγματα Καρχηδονίων μὲν ἀνῃρημένων Ἀχαιῶν δὲ δεδουλωμένων,
νῦν μὲν οὖν
εἶπεν
ἐπισφαλῶς ἔχομεν, μήθʼ οὓς φοβηθῶμεν μήθʼ οὓς αἰσχυνθῶμεν ἑαυτοῖς ἀπολελοιπότες
Whence Nasica, when some thought and said that the affairs of the Romans were in safety because the Carthaginians were destroyed and the Achaeans enslaved, said: "Nay, on the contrary, we are in danger, having left for ourselves neither anyone to fear nor anyone to feel shame before."