Humanitext Reader

Plutarch · Life of Eumenes §17.1-17.5

Betrayal of Eumenes by the Silver Shields and His Speech

Passage 17 of 19 · Greek

Summary

After capturing the baggage, Antigonus promises to return it to the Silver Shields in exchange for Eumenes. The Silver Shields arrest Eumenes to hand him over, and as he is led away, Eumenes delivers a speech severely denouncing their betrayal.

§17.1παυσαμένης δὲ τῆς μάχης εὐθὺς οἱ περὶ τὸν Τεύταμον ἐπρεσβεύοντο περὶ τῆς ἀποσκευῆς.
As soon as the battle ceased, those around Teutamus sent envoys concerning the baggage.
Ἀντιγόνου δὲ καὶ ταύτην ἀποδώσειν ὑπισχνουμένου τοῖς ἀργυράσπισι καὶ τἆλλα χρήσεσθαι φιλανθρώπως, εἰ παραλάβοι τὸν Εὐμενῆ, βούλευμα δεινὸν οἱ ἀργυράσπιδες ἐβουλεύσαντο, ἐγχειρίσαι ζῶντα τοῖς πολεμίοις τὸν ἄνδρα.
And since Antigonus promised that he would restore this also to the Silver Shields and treat them kindly in other respects if he should receive Eumenes, the Silver Shields formed a terrible resolution, to deliver the man alive to the enemy.
§17.2καὶ πρῶτον μὲν ἀνυπόπτως προσεπέλαζον αὐτῷ καὶ παρεφύλαττον, οἱ μὲν ἀποδυρόμενοι περὶ τῆς ἀποσκευῆς, οἱ δὲ θαρρεῖν ὡς νενικηκότα κελεύοντες, οἱ δὲ τῶν ἄλλων ἡγεμόνων κατηγοροῦντες.
And first they approached him without raising suspicion and kept guard over him, some lamenting about the baggage, others bidding him to be of good courage as one who had conquered, and others accusing the other leaders.
ἔπειτα προσπεσόντες ἐξήρπασαν τὸ ἐγχειρίδιον αὐτοῦ καὶ τῇ ζώνῃ τὰς χεῖρας ἀποστρέψαντες ἔδησαν.
Then, falling upon him, they snatched away his dagger and bound his hands behind his back with his belt.
ἐπεὶ δὲ ὑπὸ Ἀντιγόνου Νικάνωρ ἐπέμφθη παραληψόμενος αὐτόν, ἐδεῖτο λόγου τυχεῖν ἀγόμενος διὰ τῶν Μακεδόνων, οὐκ εἰς δέησιν ἢ παραίτησιν, ἀλλʼ ὡς περὶ τῶν ἐκείνοις συμφερόντων διαλεξόμενος.
When Nicanor was sent by Antigonus to receive him, as he was being led through the Macedonians, he begged to obtain a hearing, not for the purpose of entreaty or deprecation, but as if to speak about what was advantageous to them.
§17.3γενομένης δὲ σιωπῆς ἐν ὑψηλῷ τινι καταστὰς καὶ τὰς χεῖρας δεδεμένας προτείνας, ποῖον, εἶπεν, ὦ κάκιστοι Μακεδόνων, τρόπαιον Ἀντίγονος ἐθελήσας ἂν ἔστησε καθʼ ὑμῶν, οἷον ὑμεῖς καθʼ αὑτῶν ἀνίστατε τὸν στρατηγὸν αἰχμάλωτον ἐκδιδόντες;
Silence having been made, he stood on a certain high place and stretched forth his bound hands, saying: "What kind of trophy, O basest of Macedonians, would Antigonus have wished to set up against you, such as you are raising against yourselves by delivering up your general as a prisoner?
οὐκ ἄρα δεινὸν ἦν κρατοῦντας ὑμᾶς ἧτταν ἐξομολογεῖσθαι διὰ τὰς ἀποσκευάς, ὡς ἐν τοῖς χρήμασιν, οὐκ ἐν τοῖς ὅπλοις τοῦ κρατεῖν ὄντος, ἀλλὰ καὶ τὸν ἡγεμόνα πέμπετε λύτρον τῆς ἀποσκευῆς.
Was it not then a terrible thing that you, though victorious, should confess defeat on account of the baggage, as if victory lay in money and not in arms, but you even send your leader as a ransom for the baggage!
§17.4ἐγώ μὲν οὖν ἀήττητος ἄγομαι, νικῶν τοὺς πολεμίους, ὑπὸ τῶν συμμάχων ἀπολλύμενος· ὑμεῖς δέ, πρὸς Διὸς στρατίου καὶ θεῶν ὁρκίων, ἐνταῦθά με διʼ αὑτῶν κτείνατε.
I, indeed, am led away undefeated, conquering the enemy, destroyed by my allies; but you, by Zeus of the army and the gods of oaths, kill me here with your own hands.
πάντως κἀκεῖ κτεινόμενος ὑμέτερον ἔργον εἰμί.
In any case, even if I am killed there, it is your deed.
μέμψεται δὲ οὐδὲν Ἀντίγονος·
And Antigonus will find no fault; for he needs a dead Eumenes and not a living one.
νεκροῦ γὰρ Εὐμενοῦς δεῖται καὶ οὐ ζῶντος, εἰ δὲ φείδεσθε τῶν χειρῶν, ἀρκέσει τῶν ἐμῶν ἡ ἑτέρα λυθεῖσα πρᾶξαι τὸ ἔργον.
But if you spare your hands, it will suffice to release one of mine to do the deed.
§17.5εἰ δὲ οὐ πιστεύετέ μοι ξίφος, ὑπορρίψατε τοῖς θηρίοις δεδεμένον.
And if you do not trust me with a sword, cast me bound to the wild beasts.
καὶ ταῦτα πράξαντας ὑμᾶς ἀφίημι τῆς ἐπʼ ἐμοὶ δίκης ὡς ἄνδρας ὁσιωτάτους καὶ δικαιοτάτους περὶ τὸν αὑτῶν στρατηγὸν γενομένους.
If you do this, I release you from the guilt concerning me, as men who have become most holy and most just toward their own general."

Notes

  1. 17.1εἰ παραλάβοι — The conditional clause with the optative mood. Since the main verb (ἐβουλεύσαντο) is in a historical tense, Antigonus's promise ('if he should receive') is expressed in the oblique optative, representing the original future indicative or subjunctive in past indirect discourse.
  2. 17.2ὡς ... διαλεξόμενος — The conjunction ὡς combined with the future participle (διαλεξόμενος) expresses a subjective purpose or pretext ('as if to speak'). It is placed in parallel with the preceding prepositional phrase 'not for entreaty or deprecation' (οὐκ εἰς δέησιν ἢ παραίτησιν), both expressing purpose.
  3. 17.3ἐθελήσας ἂν ἔστησε — The participle ἐθελήσας (functioning as a condition) combined with the particle ἂν and the aorist indicative (ἔστησε) expresses a past counterfactual or potential statement ('which Antigonus would have set up, had he wished').

Cite this passage

Plutarch, Life of Eumenes §17.1-17.5. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0007.tlg041.humanitext-grc2:17.1-17.5

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