§2.1ἐπεχείρησε μὲν οὖν ὁ Λύσανδρος, ὡς εἴρηται, μεταστῆσαι τὰ περὶ τὴν πολιτείαν πρᾳότερον καὶ νομιμώτερον ἢ Σύλλας· πειθοῖ γὰρ, οὐ διʼ ὅπλων οὐδὲ πάντα συλλήβδην ἀναιρῶν, ὥσπερ ἐκεῖνος, ἀλλʼ αὐτὴν ἐπανορθούμενος τὴν κατάστασιν τῶν βασιλέων ὃ καὶ φύσει που δίκαιον ἐδόκει, τὸν ἐξ ἀρίστων ἄριστον ἄρχειν ἐν πόλει τῆς Ἑλλάδος ἡγουμένῃ διʼ ἀρετήν, οὐ διʼ εὐγένειαν.
Lysander, then, as has been said, attempted to alter the constitution in a gentler and more lawful way than Sulla did; for he did so by persuasion, not by arms, nor by sweeping away everything at once, as Sulla did, but by reforming the institution of kingship itself, which seemed indeed in some way naturally just: that in a city which held the leadership of Greece by virtue and not by noble birth, the best of the best should rule.
§2.2ὥσπερ γὰρ κυνηγὸς οὐ ζητεῖ τὸ ἐκ κυνός, ἀλλὰ κύνα, καὶ ἱππικὸς ἵππον, οὐ τὸ ἐξ ἵππου· τί γὰρ, ἂν ἐξ ἵππου ἡμίονος γένηται;
For just as a hunter does not look for the offspring of a dog, but for a dog, and a horseman for a horse, not the offspring of a horse; for what if a mule should be born of a horse?
οὕτως ὁ πολιτικὸς ἁμαρτήσεται τοῦ παντός, ἐὰν μὴ ζητῇ τὸν ἄρχοντα τίς ἐστιν, ἀλλὰ ἐκ τίνος, αὐτοί γέ τοι Σπαρτιᾶται βασιλεύοντας ἐνίους ἀφείλοντο τὴν ἀρχήν, ὡς οὐ βασιλικούς, ἀλλὰ φαύλους καὶ τὸ μηδὲν ὄντας, εἰ δὲ κακία καὶ μετά γένους ἄτιμον, οὐδʼ ἀρετὴ διʼ εὐγένειαν, ἀλλʼ ἀφʼ ἑαυτῆς ἔντιμον.
so the statesman will err completely if he does not ask who the ruler is, but from whom he is descended. Indeed, the Spartans themselves deprived some of their kings of their rule on the ground that they were not fit to be kings, but were base and of no account. And if vice, even when combined with noble birth, is dishonorable, then virtue too is honorable not because of noble birth, but of itself.
§2.3αἱ τοίνυν ἀδικίαι τῷ μὲν ὑπὲρ φίλων, τῷ δʼ ἄχρι φίλων ἐπράχθησαν.
Their injustices, moreover, were committed in the one case for the sake of friends, and in the other even against friends.
Λύσανδρος μὲν γὰρ ὁμολογεῖται τὰ πλεῖστα διὰ τοὺς ἑταίρους ἐξαμαρτεῖν καὶ τὰς πλείστας σφαγὰς ὑπὲρ τῆς ἐκείνων ἀπεργάσασθαι δυναστείας καὶ τυραννίδος· §2.4Σύλλας δὲ καὶ Πομπηΐου περιέκοψε τὸ στρατιωτικὸν φθονήσας, καὶ Δολοβέλλα τὴν ναυαρχίαν ἐπεχείρησε δοὺς ἀφελέσθαι, καὶ Λουκρήτιον Ὀφέλλαν ἀντὶ πολλῶν καὶ μεγάλων ὑπατείαν μνώμενον ἐν ὀφθαλμοῖς ἀποσφάξαι προσέταξε, φρίκην καὶ δέος ἐμποιῶν πρὸς αὑτὸν ἀνθρώποις ἅπασι διὰ τῆς τῶν φιλτάτων ἀναιρέσεως.
For it is agreed that Lysander committed most of his transgressions for the sake of his comrades, and perpetrated most of his slaughters to establish their power and tyranny; but Sulla diminished Pompey's military command out of envy, and attempted to take away the naval command from Dolabella after having given it to him, and ordered Lucretius Ofella, who was seeking the consulship in return for many great services, to be slaughtered before his very eyes, inspiring shuddering and dread of himself in all men by the murder of his dearest friends.