§6.1ἐπεὶ δὲ Ἀντίγονος ὁ βασιλεὺς βοηθῶν ἐπὶ τὸν Κλεομένην μετὰ τῶν Ἀχαιῶν ἐστράτευσε, καὶ τὰς περὶ Σελλασίαν ἄκρας καὶ τὰς ἐμβολὰς κατέχοντος αὐτοῦ παρέταξε τὴν δύναμιν ἐγγύς ἐπιχειρεῖν καὶ βιάζεσθαι διανοούμενος, ἦν μὲν ἐν τοῖς ἱππεῦσι μετὰ τῶν ἑαυτοῦ πολιτῶν τεταγμένος ὁ Φιλοποίμην, καὶ παραστάτας εἶχεν Ἰλλυριούς, οἷς τὰ λήγοντα τῆς παρατάξεως συνεπέφρακτο πολλοῖς οὖσι καὶ μαχίμοις. §6.2εἴρητο δὲ αὐτοῖς ἐφεδρεύουσιν ἡσυχίαν ἔχειν ἄχρι ἂν ἀπὸ θατέρου κέρως ὑπὸ τοῦ βασιλέως ἀρθῇ φοινικὶς ὑπὲρ σαρίσης διατεταμένη.
When King Antigonus, marching to aid, campaigned against Cleomenes with the Achaeans, and since Cleomenes held the heights and passes around Sellasia, the king drew up his force nearby, intending to attack and force his way. Philopoemen was stationed among the cavalry with his own citizens, and he had as neighbors the Illyrians, by whom the extremities of the battle line had been secured, they being many and warlike. And it had been ordered to them, acting as reserves, to keep quiet until a scarlet cloak, stretched upon a pike, should be raised by the king from the other wing.
τῶν δὲ ἡγεμόνων τοῖς Ἰλλυριοῖς πειρωμένων ἐκβιάζεσθαι τοὺς Λακεδαιμονίους, καὶ τῶν Ἀχαιῶν, ὥσπερ προσετέτακτο, τὴν ἐφεδρείαν ἐν τάξει διαφυλαττόντων, Εὐκλείδας ὁ τοῦ Κλεομένους ἀδελφὸς καταμαθὼν τὸ γινόμενον διάσπασμα περὶ τοὺς πολεμίους ταχὺ τοὺς ἐλαφροτάτους τῶν ψιλῶν περιέπεμψεν, ἐξόπισθεν τοῖς Ἰλλυριοῖς ἐπιπεσεῖν κελεύσας καὶ περισπᾶν ἐρήμους τῶν ἱππέων ἀπολελειμμένους. §6.3γινομένων δὲ τούτων καὶ τῶν ψιλῶν τοὺς Ἰλλυριοὺς περισπώντων καὶ διαταραττόντων, συνιδὼν ὁ Φιλοποίμην οὐ μέγα ὂν ἔργον ἐπιθέσθαι τοῖς ψιλοῖς καὶ τὸν καιρὸν ὑφηγούμενον τοῦτο, πρῶτον μὲν ἔφραζε τοῖς βασιλικοῖς, ὡς δὲ οὐκ ἔπειθεν, ἀλλὰ μαίνεσθαι δοκῶν κατεφρονεῖτο, οὐδέπω μεγάλης οὐδὲ ἀξιοπίστου πρὸς τηλικοῦτο στρατήγημα δόξης περὶ αὐτὸν οὔσης, αὐτὸς ἐμβάλλει συνεπισπασάμενος τοὺς πολίτας. §6.4γενομένης δὲ ταραχῆς τὸ πρῶτον, εἶτα φυγῆς καὶ φόνου πολλοῦ τῶν ψιλῶν, βουλόμενος ἔτι μᾶλλον ἐπιρρῶσαι τοὺς βασιλικοὺς καὶ προσμῖξαι κατὰ τάχος θορυβουμένοις τοῖς πολεμίοις τὸν μὲν ἵππον ἀφῆκεν, αὐτὸς δὲ πρὸς χωρία σκολιὰ καὶ μεστὰ ῥείθρων καὶ φαράγγων πεζὸς ἐν ἱππικῷ θώρακι καὶ σκευῇ βαρυτέρᾳ χαλεπῶς καὶ ταλαιπώρως ἁμιλλώμενος διελαύνεται διαμπερὲς ὁμοῦ τοὺς μηροὺς ἑκατέρους ἑνὶ μεσαγκύλῳ, καιρίας μὲν οὐ γενομένης, ἰσχυρᾶς δὲ τῆς πληγῆς, ὥστε τὴν αἰχμὴν ἐπὶ θάτερα διῶσαι. §6.5τὸ μὲν οὖν πρῶτον ἐνσχεθεὶς ὥσπερ δεσμῷ παντάπασιν ἀπόρως εἶχε· τὸ γὰρ ἔναμμα τῆς ἀγκύλης χαλεπὴν ἐποίει τοῦ ἀκοντίσματος ἀνελκομένου διὰ τῶν τραυμάτων τὴν πάροδον· ὡς δὲ ὤκνουν οἱ παρόντες ἅψασθαι καὶ τῆς μάχης ἀκμὴν ὀξεῖαν ἐχούσης ἐσφάδαζεν ὑπὸ θυμοῦ καὶ φιλοτιμίας πρὸς τὸν ἀγῶνα, τῇ παραβάσει καὶ τῇ παραλλάξει τῶν σκελῶν διὰ μέσου κλάσας τὸ ἀκόντισμα χωρὶς ἐκέλευσεν ἑλκύσαι τῶν ἀγμάτων ἑκάτερον. §6.6οὕτω δὲ ἀπαλλαγεὶς καὶ σπασάμενος τὸ ξίφος ἐχώρει διὰ τῶν προμάχων ἐπὶ τοὺς πολεμίους, ὥστε πολλὴν προθυμίαν καὶ ζῆλον ἀρετῆς παρασχεῖν τοῖς ἀγωνιζομένοις.
But when the commanders, with the Illyrians, were trying to force back the Lacedaemonians, and the Achaeans, as had been commanded, were keeping their reserve position in order, Eucleidas, the brother of Cleomenes, observing the gap occurring among the enemy, quickly sent the lightest of the light-armed troops around, ordering them to fall upon the Illyrians from behind and throw them into confusion, as they were left isolated from the cavalry. And while this was happening, and the light-armed troops were harassing and throwing the Illyrians into confusion, Philopoemen, seeing that it was no great task to attack the light-armed, and that the opportunity was prompting this, first told the king's officers; but when he could not persuade them, but was looked down upon as seeming to be mad, since there was as yet no great or trustworthy reputation about him for so great a strategic move, he himself charged, drawing his fellow citizens along with him. And when at first confusion arose, and then flight and great slaughter of the light-armed, wishing still more to encourage the king's men and to clash quickly with the enemy who were thrown into confusion, he abandoned his horse, and he himself on foot, in a cavalry breastplate and heavier equipment, struggling with difficulty and hardship through rugged terrain full of torrents and ravines, was pierced clean through both thighs together by a single javelin, the wound not being fatal, but severe, so that it drove the point out on the other side. At first, then, being bound as if by a fetter, he was altogether helpless; for the loop-knot of the thong made the passage of the javelin difficult when it was being pulled through the wounds; but when those present hesitated to touch it, and since the battle was at its sharpest peak, he was tossing about with rage and ambition for the contest, and by straddling and shifting his legs, he broke the javelin in the middle and ordered them to pull out each of the broken pieces separately. And having been freed in this way and drawing his sword, he advanced through the front ranks against the enemy, so as to inspire great eagerness and emulation of valor in those who were fighting.
νικήσας οὖν ὁ Ἀντίγονος ἀπεπειρᾶτο τῶν Μακεδόνων, ἐρωτῶν διὰ τί, μὴ κελεύσαντος αὐτοῦ, τὸ ἱππικὸν ἐκίνησαν. §6.7τῶν δὲ ἀπολογουμένων ὡς παρὰ γνώμην βιασθεῖεν εἰς χεῖρας ἐλθεῖν τοῖς πολεμίοις μειρακίου Μεγαλοπολιτικοῦ προεμβαλόντος, γελάσας ὁ Ἀντίγονος
ἐκεῖνο τοίνυν τὸ μειράκιον,
εἶπεν,
ἔργον ἡγεμόνος μεγάλου πεποίηκεν.
So, having won, Antigonus put the Macedonians to the test, asking why they had moved the cavalry without his command. And when they defended themselves, saying that they had been forced against their judgment to come to blows with the enemy because a Megalopolitan youth had charged first, Antigonus laughed and said: "That youth, then," he said, "has done the work of a great general."