§7.1τῷ δʼ οὖν Ἀριστείδῃ συνέβη τὸ πρῶτον ἀγαπωμένῳ διὰ τὴν ἐπωνυμίαν ὕστερον φθονεῖσθαι, μάλιστα μὲν τοῦ Θεμιστοκλέους λόγον εἰς τοὺς πολλοὺς διαδιδόντος, ὡς Ἀριστείδης ἀνῃρηκὼς τὰ δικαστήρια τῷ κρίνειν ἅπαντα καὶ δικάζειν, λέληθε μοναρχίαν ἀδορυφόρητον ἑαυτῷ κατεσκευασμένος·
Thus it happened to Aristeides that, though at first he was loved because of his surname, he was later envied; especially since Themistocles spread a rumor among the multitude that Aristeides, by judging and deciding all cases himself, had abolished the courts of justice and had secretly established for himself a monarchy without bodyguards.
ἤδη δέ που καὶ ὁ δῆμος ἐπὶ τῇ νίκῃ μέγα φρονῶν καὶ τῶν μεγίστων ἀξιῶν αὑτὸν ἤχθετο τοῖς ὄνομα καὶ δόξαν ὑπὲρ τοὺς πολλοὺς ἔχουσι.
Moreover, by this time the common people, being proud of their victory and thinking themselves worthy of the greatest things, were vexed with those who possessed a name and reputation above the crowd.
§7.2καὶ συνελθόντες εἰς ἄστυ πανταχόθεν ἐξοστρακίζουσι τὸν Ἀριστείδην, ὄνομα τῷ φθόνῳ τῆς δόξης φόβον τυραννίδος θέμενοι. μοχθηρίας γὰρ οὐκ ἦν κόλασις ὁ ἐξοστρακισμός, ἀλλʼ ἐκαλεῖτο μὲν διʼ εὐπρέπειαν ὄγκου καὶ δυνάμεως βαρυτέρας ταπείνωσις καὶ κόλουσις, ἦν δὲ φθόνου παραμυθία φιλάνθρωπος, εἰς ἀνήκεστον οὐδέν, ἀλλʼ εἰς μετάστασιν ἐτῶν δέκα τὴν πρὸς τὸ λυποῦν ἀπερειδομένου δυσμένειαν.
And gathering from all quarters into the city, they banished Aristeides by ostracism, giving to their envy of his reputation the name of "fear of tyranny." For ostracism was not a punishment for wickedness, but was called, for decency's sake, a humbling and curtailing of excessive weight and power, while in reality it was a humane mitigation of envy, venting its hostility not into anything incurable, but into a ten-year banishment of the offending object.
§7.3ἐπεὶ δʼ ἤρξαντό τινες ἀνθρώπους ἀγεννεῖς καὶ πονηροὺς ὑποβάλλειν τῷ πράγματι, τελευταῖον ἁπάντων Ὑπέρβολον ἐξοστρακίσαντες ἐπαύσαντο.
But when some began to subject base and wicked men to this practice, they finally ceased after ostracizing Hyperbolus last of all.
λέγεται δὲ τὸν Ὑπέρβολον ἐξοστρακισθῆναι διὰ τοιαύτην αἰτίαν.
And it is said that Hyperbolus was ostracized for the following reason.
Ἀλκιβιάδης καὶ Νικίας μέγιστον ἐν τῇ πόλει δυνάμενοι διεστασίαζον.
Alcibiades and Nicias, who had the greatest power in the city, were at variance.
ὡς οὖν ὁ δῆμος ἔμελλε φέρειν τὸ ὄστρακον καὶ δῆλος ἦν τὸν ἕτερον γράψων, διαλεχθέντες ἀλλήλοις καὶ τὰς στάσεις ἑκατέρας εἰς ταὐτὸ συναγαγόντες τὸν Ὑπέρβολον ἐξοστρακισθῆναι παρεσκεύασαν.
Therefore, when the people were about to cast their shards and were clearly going to write the name of one or the other, they spoke with each other and, combining their respective factions, arranged for Hyperbolus to be ostracized.
§7.4ἐκ δὲ τούτου δυσχεράνας ὁ δῆμος ὡς καθυβρισμένον τὸ πρᾶγμα καὶ προπεπηλακισμένον ἀφῆκε παντελῶς καὶ κατέλυσεν.
Being displeased at this, as though the practice had been insulted and dragged in the mud, the people abandoned it entirely and abolished it.
ἦν δὲ τοιοῦτον, ὡς τύπῳ φράσαι, τὸ γινόμενον.
What took place was, to describe it in outline, as follows.
ὄστρακον λαβὼν ἕκαστος καὶ γράψας ὃν ἐβούλετο μεταστῆσαι τῶν πολιτῶν, ἔφερεν εἰς ἕνα τόπον τῆς ἀγορᾶς περιπεφραγμένον ἐν κύκλῳ δρυφάκτοις.
Each person took a shard and, having written the name of the citizen he wished to banish, brought it to a place in the Agora which was enclosed all around with railings.
§7.5οἱ δʼ ἄρχοντες πρῶτον μὲν διηρίθμουν τὸ σύμπαν ἐν ταὐτῷ τῶν ὀστράκων πλῆθος· εἰ γὰρ ἑξακισχιλίων ἐλάττονες οἱ φέροντες εἶεν, ἀτελὴς ἦν ὁ ἐξοστρακισμός·
The archons first counted the total number of shards together; for if those who brought them were fewer than six thousand, the ostracism was invalid.
ἔπειτα τῶν ὀνομάτων ἕκαστον ἰδίᾳ θέντες τὸν ὑπὸ τῶν πλείστων γεγραμμένον ἐξεκήρυττον εἰς ἔτη δέκα, καρπούμενον τὰ αὑτοῦ.
Then, putting each of the names privately, they banished the one who had been written by the majority for ten years, while he still enjoyed the income of his own property.
γραφομένων οὖν τότε τῶν ὀστράκων λέγεταί τινα τῶν ἀγραμμάτων καὶ παντελῶς ἀγροίκων ἀναδόντα τῷ Ἀριστείδῃ τὸ ὄστρακον ὡς ἑνὶ τῶν τυχόντων παρακαλεῖν, ὅπως Ἀριστείδην ἐγγράψειε.
Now while the shards were being written at that time, it is said that one of the illiterate and utterly rustic men handed his shard to Aristeides, taking him for one of the ordinary bystanders, and asked him to write "Aristeides" on it.
§7.6τοῦ δὲ θαυμάσαντος καὶ πυθομένου, μή τι κακὸν αὐτὸν Ἀριστείδης πεποίηκεν,
οὐδέν,
εἶπεν,
οὐδὲ γιγνώσκω τὸν ἄνθρωπον, ἀλλʼ ἐνοχλοῦμαι πανταχοῦ τὸν Δίκαιον ἀκούων. ταῦτα ἀκούσαντα τὸν Ἀριστείδην ἀποκρίνασθαι μὲν οὐδέν, ἐγγράψαι δὲ τοὔνομα τῷ ὀστράκῳ καὶ ἀποδοῦναι.
And Aristeides, being surprised and asking if Aristeides had done him any harm, said, "None at all, nor do I even know the man, but I am tired of hearing him called 'the Just' everywhere." On hearing this, Aristeides made no answer, but wrote his own name on the shard and handed it back.
τῆς δὲ πόλεως ἀπαλλαττόμενος ἤδη, τὰς χεῖρας ἀνατείνας πρὸς τὸν οὐρανὸν εὔξατο τὴν ἐναντίαν, ὡς ἔοικεν, εὐχὴν τῷ Ἀχιλλεῖ, μηδένα καιρὸν Ἀθηναίους καταλαβεῖν, ὃς ἀναγκάσει τὸν δῆμον Ἀριστείδου μνησθῆναι.
And as he was already departing from the city, lifting up his hands to heaven, he made a prayer, as it seems, the opposite of that of Achilles, that no occasion might overtake the Athenians which would force the people to remember Aristeides.