§17.1τὸν δʼ Ἀννίβαν ἐπὶ τηλικούτῳ κατορθώματι τῶν φίλων παρορμώντων ἅμʼ ἕπεσθαι τῇ τύχῃ καὶ συνεπεισπεσεῖν ἅμα τῇ φυγῇ τῶν πολεμίων εἰς τὴν πόλιν, πεμπταῖον γὰρ ἀπὸ τῆς νίκης ἐν Καπιτωλίῳ δειπνήσειν, οὐ ῥᾴδιον εἰπεῖν, ὅστις ἀπέτρεψε λογισμός, ἀλλὰ μᾶλλον δαίμονος ἢ θεοῦ τινος ἐμποδὼν στάντος ἔοικεν ἔργον ἡ πρὸς τοῦτο μέλλησις αὐτοῦ καὶ δειλίασις γενέσθαι.
At so great a success, while his friends were urging him to follow fortune and to burst along with the flight of the enemy into the city, saying that on the fifth day from the victory he would dine on the Capitol, it is not easy to say what reasoning turned Hannibal away; but rather, his hesitation and shrinking from this seems to have been the work of some daemon or god that stood in his way.
διὸ καὶ Βάρκαν τὸν Καρχηδόνιον εἰπεῖν μετʼ ὀργῆς πρὸς αὐτὸν λέγουσι· σὺ νικᾶν οἶδας, νίκῃ δὲ χρῆσθαι οὐκ οἶδας. §17.2καίτοι τοσαύτην μεταβολὴν ἡ νίκη περὶ αὐτὸν ἐποίησεν, ὡς πρὸ τῆς μάχης οὐ πόλιν, οὐκ ἐμπόριον, οὐ λιμένα τῆς Ἰταλίας ἔχοντα, χαλεπῶς δὲ καὶ μόλις τὰ ἐπιτήδεια τῇ στρατιᾷ διʼ ἁρπαγῆς κομιζόμενον, ὁρμώμενον ἀπʼ οὐδενὸς βεβαίου πρὸς τὸν πόλεμον, ἀλλʼ ὥσπερ λῃστηρίῳ μεγάλῳ τῷ στρατοπέδῳ πλανώμενον καὶ περιφερόμενον, τότε πᾶσαν ὀλίγου δεῖν ὑφʼ αὑτῷ ποιήσασθαι τὴν Ἰταλίαν.
Therefore they say that Barca the Carthaginian also said to him with anger: "You know how to conquer, but you do not know how to use your victory." And yet the victory wrought so great a change in him, that whereas before the battle he possessed not a city, not a market, not a harbor of Italy, but with difficulty and scarcely obtained provisions for his army by plunder, entering upon the war with no secure base, but wandering and being carried about with his camp as if it were a great band of robbers, then he brought almost the whole of Italy under his control.
§17.3τὰ γὰρ πλεῖστα καὶ μέγιστα τῶν ἐθνῶν αὐτῷ προσεχώρησεν ἑκούσια, καὶ Καπύην, ἣ μέγιστον ἔχει μετὰ Ῥώμην ἀξίωμα τῶν πόλεων, προσθεμένην κατέσχεν.
For the greatest and most powerful of the nations came over to him of their own accord, and having won over Capua, which has the greatest dignity of the cities after Rome, he held it.
οὐ μόνον δʼ ἦν ἄρα τὸ φίλων πεῖραν λαβεῖν, ὡς Εὐριπίδης φησίν, οὐ σμικρὸν κακόν, ἀλλὰ καὶ τὸ φρονίμων στρατηγῶν, ἡ γὰρ πρὸ τῆς μάχης Φαβίου δειλία καὶ ψυχρότης λεγομένη μετὰ τὴν μάχην εὐθὺς οὐδʼ ἀνθρώπινος ἐδόκει λογισμός, ἀλλὰ θεῖόν τι χρῆμα διανοίας καὶ δαιμόνιον ἐκ τοσούτου τὰ μέλλοντα προορωμένης, ἃ μόλις ἦν πιστὰ πάσχουσιν.
It was not, then, as Euripides says, only a "no small evil to make trial of friends," but also of wise generals. For that which before the battle was called the cowardice and coldness of Fabius, immediately after the battle seemed to be no longer human reasoning, but a divine and supernatural action of a mind that foresaw from so far off the future things, which indeed were scarcely credible to those who were experiencing them.
§17.4ὅθεν εὐθὺς εἰς ἐκεῖνον ἡ Ῥώμη συνενεγκοῦσα τὰς λοιπὰς ἐλπίδας, καὶ προσφυγοῦσα τῇ γνώμῃ τοῦ ἀνδρὸς ὥσπερ ἱερῷ καὶ βωμῷ, πρώτην καὶ μεγίστην αἰτίαν ἔσχε τοῦ μεῖναι καὶ μὴ διαλυθῆναι τὴν ἐκεῖνον φρόνησιν, καθάπερ ἐν τοῖς Κελτικοῖς πάθεσιν.
Hence Rome immediately concentrated her remaining hopes upon him, and taking refuge in the wisdom of the man as if in a temple and altar, held his prudence to be the first and greatest cause of her remaining and not being dissolved, just as in the Celtic disasters.
§17.5ὁ γὰρ ἐν οἷς οὐδὲν ἐδόκει δεινὸν εἶναι καιροῖς εὐλαβὴς φαινόμενος καὶ δυσέλπιστος τότε πάντων καταβεβληκότων ἑαυτοὺς εἰς ἀπέραντα πένθη καὶ ταραχὰς ἀπράκτους, μόνος ἐφοίτα διὰ τῆς πόλεως πρᾴῳ βαδίσματι καὶ προσώπῳ καθεστῶτι καὶ φιλανθρώπῳ προσαγορεύσει, κοπετούς τε γυναικείους ἀφαιρῶν καὶ συστάσεις εἴργων τῶν εἰς τὸ δημόσιον ἐπὶ κοινοῖς ὀδυρμοῖς ἐκφερομένων, βουλήν τε συνελθεῖν ἔπεισε καὶ παρεθάρσυνε τὰς ἀρχάς, αὐτὸς ὢν καὶ ῥώμη καὶ δύναμις ἀρχῆς ἁπάσης πρὸς ἐκεῖνον ἀποβλεπούσης.
For he who in times when there seemed to be no danger showed himself cautious and hopeless, then, when all had cast themselves into boundless mourning and helpless confusion, walked alone through the city with a gentle pace, a composed countenance, and a kindly greeting, stopping the wailings of the women and restraining the gatherings of those who were rushing out into public for common lamentations; and he persuaded the Senate to assemble and encouraged the magistrates, being himself the strength and power of every office, all of which looked to him.