Humanitext Reader

Euripides · Helen §686-765

Grief for Home and the Messenger's Critique of Prophecy

Passage 9 of 20 · Greek

Summary

While Helen and Menelaus share the joy of their reunion, the suicide of her mother Leda and the situation of their daughter Hermione are revealed. Learning that their struggles were for a mere cloud, the messenger discusses the worthlessness of prophecy. Helen then asks Menelaus about his escape from Troy.

§686οὐκ ἔστι μάτηρ· ἀγχόνιον δὲ βρόχον §687διʼ ἐμὰν κατεδήσατο δυσγάμου αἰσχύναν.
Helen: My mother is no more; she tied a hanging noose around her neck because of the shame of my ill-fated marriage.
§688ὤμοι·
Menelaus: Alas!
θυγατρὸς δʼ Ἑρμιόνης ἔστιν βίος;
But is my daughter Hermione still living?
§689ἄγαμος ἄτεκνος, ὦ πόσι, καταστένει §690γάμον ἄγαμον ἐμόν.
Helen: Unmarried, childless, O husband, she groans for my unmarried marriage.
§691ὦ πᾶν κατʼ ἄκρας δῶμʼ ἐμὸν πέρσας Πάρις, §692τάδε καὶ σὲ διώλεσε μυριάδας τε §693χαλκεόπλων Δαναῶν.
Menelaus: O Paris, who utterly destroyed my whole house, this has destroyed both you and myriads of bronze-armed Danaans.
§694ἐμὲ δὲ πατρίδος ἄπο κακόποτμον ἀραίαν §695ἔβαλε θεὸς ἀπό τε πόλεος ἀπό τε σέθεν, §696ὅτε μέλαθρα λέχεά τʼ ἔλιπον — οὐ λιποῦσʼ §697ἐπʼ αἰσχροῖς γάμοις.
Helen: But me, ill-fated and accursed, a god cast away from my fatherland, from my city, and from you, when I left my home and bed—though I did not leave them for a shameful marriage.
§698εἰ καὶ τὰ λοιπὰ τῆς τύχης εὐδαίμονος §699τύχοιτε, πρὸς τὰ πρόσθεν ἀρκέσειεν ἄν.
Chorus: If you should obtain happy fortune for the future, it would suffice to compensate for the past.
§700Μενέλαε, κἀμοὶ πρόσδοτον τῆς ἡδονῆς, §701ἣν μανθάνω μὲν καὐτός, οὐ σαφῶς δʼ ἔχω.
Messenger: Menelaus, grant me too a share of the joy, which I myself perceive indeed, but do not clearly grasp.
§702ἀλλʼ, ὦ γεραιέ, καὶ σὺ κοινώνει λόγων.
Menelaus: But, old man, do you also share in our conversation.
§703οὐχ ἥδε μόχθων τῶν ἐν Ἰλίῳ βραβεύς;
Messenger: Was this not the arbiter of our labors in Ilium?
§704οὐχ ἥδε, πρὸς θεῶν δʼ ἦμεν ἠπατημένοι, §705νεφέλης ἄγαλμʼ ἔχοντες ἐν χεροῖν λυγρόν.
Menelaus: Not she; by the gods, we were deceived, holding a sorrowful image of a cloud in our hands.
§706τί φῄς;
Messenger: What do you say?
§707νεφέλης ἄρʼ ἄλλως εἴχομεν πόνους πέρι;
Did we then endure labors in vain for the sake of a cloud?
§708Ἥρας τάδʼ ἔργα καὶ θεῶν τρισσῶν ἔρις.
Menelaus: These are the deeds of Hera and the strife of the three goddesses.
§709ἡ δʼ οὖσʼ ἀληθῶς ἐστιν ἥδε σὴ δάμαρ;
Messenger: And is this woman here truly your wife?
§710αὕτη· λόγοις ἐμοῖσι πίστευσον τάδε.
Menelaus: She indeed; trust my words in this.
§711ὦ θύγατερ, ὁ θεὸς ὡς ἔφυ τι ποικίλον §712καὶ δυστέκμαρτον.
Messenger: O daughter, how subtle and hard to trace is the deity!
εὖ δέ πως πάντα στρέφει §713ἐκεῖσε κἀκεῖσʼ ἀναφέρων· ὃ μὲν πονεῖ, §714ὃ δʼ οὐ πονήσας αὖθις ὄλλυται κακῶς, §715βέβαιον οὐδὲν τῆς ἀεὶ τύχης ἔχων.
Yet somehow he turns all things well, carrying them now this way, now that; one man labors, while another, without having labored, is in turn miserably destroyed, holding nothing secure in his ever-shifting fortune.
§716σὺ γὰρ πόσις τε σὸς πόνων μετέσχετε, §717σὺ μὲν λόγοισιν, ὃ δὲ δορὸς προθυμίᾳ.
For you and your husband shared in labors— you indeed in reports, and he in the ardor of the spear.
§718σπεύδων δʼ ὅτʼ ἔσπευδʼ οὐδὲν εἶχε· νῦν δʼ ἔχει §719αὐτόματα πράξας τἀγάθʼ εὐτυχέστατα.
And when he was striving, he possessed nothing; but now he holds the greatest blessings, having received them spontaneously and most fortunately.
§720οὐκ ἄρα γέροντα πατέρα καὶ Διοσκόρω §721ᾔσχυνας, οὐδʼ ἔδρασας οἷα κλῄζεται.
So you did not shame your aged father and the Dioscuri, nor did you do such things as are rumored.
§722νῦν ἀνανεοῦμαι τὸν σὸν ὑμέναιον πάλιν §723καὶ λαμπάδων μεμνήμεθʼ ἃς τετραόροις §724ἵπποις τροχάζων παρέφερον· σὺ δʼ ἐν δίφροις §725ξὺν τῷδε νύμφη δῶμʼ ἔλειπες ὄλβιον.
Now I renew your wedding song again, and I remember the torches which I, running alongside the four-horse chariot, carried; and you, as a bride in the chariot with this man, were leaving your blessed home.
§726κακὸς γὰρ ὅστις μὴ σέβει τὰ δεσποτῶν §727καὶ ξυγγέγηθε καὶ συνωδίνει κακοῖς.
For bad is he who does not revere his masters' affairs, and rejoice with them, and share their pains in misfortunes.
§728ἐγὼ μὲν εἴην, κεἰ πέφυχʼ ὅμως λάτρις, §729ἐν τοῖσι γενναίοισιν ἠριθμημένος §730δούλοισι, τοὔνομʼ οὐκ ἔχων ἐλεύθερον, §731τὸν νοῦν δέ·
May I indeed, even if I am a servant, be numbered among the noble-minded slaves, not holding a free name, but holding a free mind.
κρεῖσσον γὰρ τόδʼ ἢ δυοῖν κακοῖν §732ἕνʼ ὄντα χρῆσθαι, τὰς φρένας τʼ ἔχειν κακὰς §733ἄλλων τʼ ἀκούειν δοῦλον ὄντα τῶν πέλας.
For this is better than, being one person, to suffer two evils: to have a bad mind and to obey others as a slave of those nearby.
§734ἄγʼ, ὦ γεραιέ, πολλὰ μὲν παρʼ ἀσπίδα §735μοχθήματʼ ἐξέπλησας ἐκπονῶν ἐμοί, §736καὶ νῦν μετασχὼν τῆς ἐμῆς εὐπραξίας §737ἄγγειλον ἐλθὼν τοῖς λελειμμένοις φίλοις §738τάδʼ ὡς ἔχονθʼ ηὕρηκας οἷ τʼ ἐσμὲν τύχης, §739μένειν τʼ ἐπʼ ἀκταῖς τούς τʼ ἐμοὺς καραδοκεῖν §740ἀγῶνας οἳ μένουσί μʼ, ὡς ἐλπίζομεν, §741κεἰ τήνδε πως δυναίμεθʼ ἐκκλέψαι χθονός, §742φρουρεῖν ὅπως ἂν εἰς ἓν ἐλθόντες τύχης §743ἐκ βαρβάρων σωθῶμεν, ἢν δυνώμεθα.
Menelaus: Come, old man, you have fulfilled many labors by my shield, working hard for me; and now, having shared in my good fortune, go and announce to the friends left behind how you found these things, and in what state of fortune we are, and bid them to remain on the shore and watch for the struggles that await me, as we expect, and if we should somehow be able to steal this woman away from the land, to keep watch so that, coming into a single fortune, we may be saved from the barbarians, if we are able.
§744ἔσται τάδʼ, ὦναξ.
Messenger: This shall be, king.
ἀλλά τοι τὰ μάντεων §745ἐσεῖδον ὡς φαῦλʼ ἐστὶ καὶ ψευδῶν πλέα.
But indeed, I have seen that the art of prophets is worthless and full of falsehoods.
§746οὐδʼ ἦν ἄρʼ ὑγιὲς οὐδὲν ἐμπύρου φλογὸς §747οὐδὲ πτερωτῶν φθέγματʼ· εὔηθες δέ τοι §748τὸ καὶ δοκεῖν ὄρνιθας ὠφελεῖν βροτούς.
Nor, as it turned out, was there anything sound in the flame of sacrifices, nor in the voices of winged creatures; it is foolish even to think that birds benefit mortals.
§749Κάλχας γὰρ οὐκ εἶπʼ οὐδʼ ἐσήμηνε στρατῷ §750νεφέλης ὑπερθνῄσκοντας εἰσορῶν φίλους §751οὐδʼ Ἕλενος, ἀλλὰ πόλις ἀνηρπάσθη μάτην.
For Calchas did not speak nor signal to the army, seeing his friends dying for the sake of a cloud, nor did Helenus; but the city was plundered in vain.
§752εἴποις ἄν· οὕνεχʼ ὁ θεὸς οὐκ ἠβούλετο; §753τί δῆτα μαντευόμεθα;
You might say: "Because God did not wish it?" Why then do we consult omens?
τοῖς θεοῖσι χρὴ §754θύοντας αἰτεῖν ἀγαθά, μαντείας δʼ ἐᾶν· §755βίου γὰρ ἄλλως δέλεαρ ηὑρέθη τόδε, §756κοὐδεὶς ἐπλούτησʼ ἐμπύροισιν ἀργὸς ὤν· §757γνώμη δʼ ἀρίστη μάντις ἥ τʼ εὐβουλία.
We should sacrifice to the gods and ask for blessings, and let prophecies be; for this was invented as a mere bait of life, and no one ever grew rich by sacrifices while being idle; rather, good judgment is the best prophet, along with wise counsel.
§758ἐς ταὐτὸ κἀμοὶ δόξα μαντειῶν πέρι §759χωρεῖ γέροντι· τοὺς θεοὺς ἔχων τις ἂν §760φίλους ἀρίστην μαντικὴν ἔχοι δόμοις.
Chorus: My opinion too about prophecies goes to the same point, old man; if one has the gods as friends, he would possess the best prophetic art in his house.
§761εἶἑν· τὰ μὲν δὴ δεῦρʼ ἀεὶ καλῶς ἔχει.
Helen: Well; things up to this point indeed stand well.
§762ὅπως δʼ ἐσώθης, ὦ τάλας, Τροίας ἄπο, §763κέρδος μὲν οὐδὲν εἰδέναι, πόθος δέ τις §764τὰ τῶν φίλων φίλοισιν αἰσθέσθαι κακά.
But how you were saved, O wretched one, from Troy— though there is no profit in knowing, yet friends have a certain desire to perceive the misfortunes of their friends.
§765ἦ πόλλʼ ἀνήρου μʼ ἑνὶ λόγῳ μιᾷ θʼ ὁδῷ.
Menelaus: Indeed you ask many things of me in a single question and on a single path.

Notes

  1. 687δυσγάμου αἰσχύναν — αἰσχύναν is an accusative in apposition to the verbal action of the sentence, functioning as a causal or resultative accusative. The possessive adjective ἐμάν (agreeing with αἰσχύναν) functions semantically as an objective genitive ('shame concerning me').
  2. 731δυοῖν κακοῖν ἕνʼ ὄντα χρῆσθαι — ἕν' (ἕνα) is the accusative object of χρῆσθαι (which here means 'to experience/suffer' and exceptionally governs an accusative). ὄντα is a participle agreeing with the implied subject of the infinitive, meaning 'being one'. The phrase expresses 'for a single person to experience only one of the two evils'.
  3. 739μένειν τʼ ἐπʼ ἀκταῖς — The infinitive μένειν and the subsequent φρουρεῖν (in §742) represent indirect commands ('to remain...', 'to keep watch...') dependent on the main imperative verb ἄγγειλον ('announce/tell them to...') in §737.

Cite this passage

Euripides, Helen §686-765. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0006.tlg014.humanitext-grc2:686-765

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