Humanitext Reader

Thucydides · History of the Peloponnesian War §7.21.1-7.21.5

Gylippus and Hermocrates Urge Syracusans to Battle at Sea

Passage 742 of 917 · Greek

Summary

Gylippus arrives at Syracuse with reinforcements and, alongside Hermocrates, urges the Syracusans to engage in a sea-fight by matching the Athenians' boldness.

§7.21.1ἐν δὲ τῇ Σικελίᾳ ὑπὸ τοὺς αὐτοὺς χρόνους τούτου τοῦ ἦρος καὶ ὁ Γύλιππος ἧκεν ἐς τὰς Συρακούσας, ἄγων ἀπὸ τῶν πόλεων ὧν ἔπεισε στρατιὰν ὅσην ἑκασταχόθεν πλείστην ἐδύνατο.
In Sicily, about the same period of this spring, Gylippus also arrived at Syracuse, bringing from the cities which he had persuaded as large an army from each place as he could.
§7.21.2καὶ ξυγκαλέσας τοὺς Συρακοσίους ἔφη χρῆναι πληροῦν ναῦς ὡς δύνανται πλείστας καὶ ναυμαχίας ἀπόπειραν λαμβάνειν· ἐλπίζειν γὰρ ἀπ’ αὐτοῦ τι ἔργον ἄξιον τοῦ κινδύνου ἐς τὸν πόλεμον κατεργάσεσθαι.
And having called the Syracusans together, he said that they ought to man as many ships as they could and make trial of a sea-fight; for he hoped that from this some result worthy of the danger would be achieved for the war.
§7.21.3ξυνανέπειθε δὲ καὶ ὁ Ἑρμοκράτης οὐχ ἥκιστα, τοῦ ταῖς ναυσὶ μὴ ἀθυμεῖν ἐπιχειρῆσαι πρὸς τοὺς Ἀθηναίους, λέγων οὐδ’ ἐκείνους πάτριον τὴν ἐμπειρίαν οὐδ’ ἀίδιον τῆς θαλάσσης ἔχειν, ἀλλ’ ἠπειρώτας μᾶλλον τῶν Συρακοσίων ὄντας καὶ ἀναγκασθέντας ὑπὸ Μήδων ναυτικοὺς γενέσθαι.
Hermocrates also joined in persuading them, not least, not to be disheartened about attacking the Athenians with their ships, saying that not even they had their experience of the sea as a hereditary or eternal possession, but were rather landsmen than the Syracusans, and had been forced by the Medes to become seafarers.
καὶ πρὸς ἄνδρας τολμηρούς, οἵους καὶ Ἀθηναίους, τοὺς ἀντιτολμῶντας χαλεπωτάτους ἂν [αὐτοῖς ] φαίνεσθαι· ᾧ γὰρ ἐκεῖνοι τοὺς πέλας, οὐ δυνάμει ἔστιν ὅτε προύχοντες, τῷ δὲ θράσει ἐπιχειροῦντες καταφοβοῦσι, καὶ σφᾶς ἂν τὸ αὐτὸ ὁμοίως τοῖς ἐναντίοις ὑποσχεῖν.
And against daring men, such as the Athenians were, those who dared in turn would appear most formidable to them; for that by which those men terrify their neighbors—not always excelling in power, but by attacking with boldness—the same would be presented by themselves to their opponents in like manner.
§7.21.4καὶ Συρακοσίους εὖ εἰδέναι ἔφη τῷ τολμῆσαι ἀπροσδοκήτως πρὸς τὸ Ἀθηναίων ναυτικὸν ἀντιστῆναι πλέον τι διὰ τὸ τοιοῦτον ἐκπλαγέντων αὐτῶν περιγενησομένους ἢ Ἀθηναίους τῇ ἐπιστήμῃ τὴν Συρακοσίων ἀπειρίαν βλάψοντας.
And he said he knew well that the Syracusans, by daring unexpectedly to withstand the Athenian navy, would gain a greater advantage because of the panic thus caused in them, than the Athenians would inflict damage on the inexperience of the Syracusans through their skill.
ἰέναι οὖν ἐκέλευεν ἐς τὴν πεῖραν τοῦ ναυτικοῦ καὶ μὴ ἀποκνεῖν.
He bade them therefore go to the trial of their navy and not shrink back.
§7.21.5καὶ οἱ μὲν Συρακόσιοι, τοῦ τε Γυλίππου καὶ Ἑρμοκράτους καὶ εἴ του ἄλλου πειθόντων, ὥρμηντό τε ἐς τὴν ναυμαχίαν καὶ τὰς ναῦς ἐπλήρουν·
And the Syracusans, as Gylippus and Hermocrates, and if anyone else, were persuading them, were eager for the sea-fight and began to man the ships.

Notes

  1. 7.21.3τοῦ ταῖς ναυσὶ μὴ ἀθυμεῖν ἐπιχειρῆσαι — The genitive articular infinitive (τοῦ μὴ ἀθυμεῖν) expresses purpose or the content of the encouragement. The infinitive ἐπιχειρῆσαι depends on μὴ ἀθυμεῖν, meaning 'not to be disheartened with regard to attacking (ἐπιχειρῆσαι) with their ships (ταῖς ναυσὶ)'.
  2. 7.21.3καὶ σφᾶς ἂν τὸ αὐτὸ ὁμοίως τοῖς ἐναντίοις ὑποσχεῖν — This is an infinitive with ἂν (ὑποσχεῖν) in indirect discourse, representing a potential optative (ἂν ὑπόσχοιεν or ἂν ὑποσχοίμεθα) in direct speech. The accusative subject σφᾶς refers reflexively to the Syracusans themselves. The verb ὑποσχεῖν (from ὑπέχω) means 'to present or afford', meaning they would present the same (τὸ αὐτό) to their opponents.
  3. 7.21.4καὶ Συρακοσίους εὖ εἰδέναι ἔφη ... περιγενησομένους ἢ Ἀθηναίους ... βλάψοντας — A complex indirect discourse depending on the main verb ἔφη. The infinitive εἰδέναι ('to know') takes two accusative participles as its complements, namely Συρακοσίους ... περιγενησομένους ('that the Syracusans would gain the upper hand') and Ἀθηναίους ... βλάψοντας ('than that the Athenians would do harm'), which are coordinated and compared by ἤ ('than').

Cite this passage

Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War §7.21.1-7.21.5. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:7.21.1-7.21.5

Please note the AI-draft status of the translation and the date accessed.

Translation, notes and summary are AI-generated drafts, revised through reader feedback.