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Thucydides · History of the Peloponnesian War §6.16.1-6.16.6

Alcibiades' Defense of His Ambition and Qualifications

Passage 632 of 917 · Greek

Summary

Alcibiades defends his private extravagance and Olympic victories as achievements that enhance Athens' prestige and power, and asserts his qualifications for command by highlighting his diplomatic and military success in the Peloponnese.

§6.16.1‘καὶ προσήκει μοι μᾶλλον ἑτέρων, ὦ Ἀθηναῖοι, ἄρχειν (ἀνάγκη γὰρ ἐντεῦθεν ἄρξασθαι, ἐπειδή μου Νικίας καθήψατο), καὶ ἄξιος ἅμα νομίζω εἶναι.
"And it belongs to me more than others, Athenians, to rule (for it is necessary to begin from here, since Nicias has attacked me), and at the same time I consider myself worthy of it.
ὧν γὰρ πέρι ἐπιβόητός εἰμι, τοῖς μὲν προγόνοις μου καὶ ἐμοὶ δόξαν φέρει ταῦτα, τῇ δὲ πατρίδι καὶ ὠφελίαν.
For those things regarding which I am cried out against bring glory to my ancestors and myself, and at the same time benefit to my country.
§6.16.2οἱ γὰρ Ἕλληνες καὶ ὑπὲρ δύναμιν μείζω ἡμῶν τὴν πόλιν ἐνόμισαν τῷ ἐμῷ διαπρεπεῖ τῆς Ὀλυμπίαζε θεωρίας, πρότερον ἐλπίζοντες αὐτὴν καταπεπολεμῆσθαι, διότι ἅρματα μὲν ἑπτὰ καθῆκα, ὅσα οὐδείς πω ἰδιώτης πρότερον, ἐνίκησα δὲ καὶ δεύτερος καὶ τέταρτος ἐγενόμην καὶ τἆλλα ἀξίως τῆς νίκης παρεσκευασάμην.
For the Greeks, who had previously hoped that our city was exhausted by war, came to believe that it was greater even than its actual power because of my splendid delegation to Olympia; because I entered seven chariots—more than any private individual had ever done before—and won the first prize, and came in second and fourth, and made all other preparations in a manner worthy of the victory.
νόμῳ μὲν γὰρ τιμὴ τὰ τοιαῦτα, ἐκ δὲ τοῦ δρωμένου καὶ δύναμις ἅμα ὑπονοεῖται.
For by custom such things are indeed an honor, but from what is done, power also is at the same time inferred.
§6.16.3καὶ ὅσα αὖ ἐν τῇ πόλει χορηγίαις ἢ ἄλλῳ τῳ λαμπρύνομαι, τοῖς μὲν ἀστοῖς φθονεῖται φύσει, πρὸς δὲ τοὺς ξένους καὶ αὕτη ἰσχὺς φαίνεται.
And again, in all those things in which I make a brilliant display in the city, with choruses or in any other way, though it is naturally envied by my fellow-citizens, to foreigners this too appears to be strength.
καὶ οὐκ ἄχρηστος ἥδ’ ἡ ἄνοια, ὃς ἂν τοῖς ἰδίοις τέλεσι μὴ ἑαυτὸν μόνον ἀλλὰ καὶ τὴν πόλιν ὠφελῇ.
And this 'folly' is not useless, when a man by his private expenses benefits not only himself but also the city.
§6.16.4οὐδέ γε ἄδικον ἐφ’ ἑαυτῷ μέγα φρονοῦντα μὴ ἴσον εἶναι, ἐπεὶ καὶ ὁ κακῶς πράσσων πρὸς οὐδένα τῆς ξυμφορᾶς ἰσομοιρεῖ·
Nor indeed is it unjust for one who thinks highly of himself not to be on an equality, since he who fares ill shares his misfortune with no one.
ἀλλ’ ὥσπερ δυστυχοῦντες οὐ προσαγορευόμεθα, ἐν τῷ ὁμοίῳ τις ἀνεχέσθω καὶ ὑπὸ τῶν εὐπραγούντων ὑπερφρονούμενος, ἢ τὰ ἴσα νέμων τὰ ὁμοῖα ἀνταξιούτω.
But just as we are not addressed when we are unfortunate, so in like manner let a man submit to being looked down upon by those who prosper, or else let him give equal treatment to others and then demand the same in return.
§6.16.5οἶδα δὲ τοὺς τοιούτους, καὶ ὅσοι ἔν τινος λαμπρότητι προέσχον, ἐν μὲν τῷ καθ’ αὑτοὺς βίῳ λυπηροὺς ὄντας, τοῖς ὁμοίοις μὲν μάλιστα, ἔπειτα δὲ καὶ τοῖς ἄλλοις ξυνόντας, τῶν δὲ ἔπειτα ἀνθρώπων προσποίησίν τε ξυγγενείας τισὶ καὶ μὴ οὖσαν καταλιπόντας, καὶ ἧς ἂν ὦσι πατρίδος, ταύτῃ αὔχησιν ὡς οὐ περὶ ἀλλοτρίων οὐδ’ ἁμαρτόντων, ἀλλ’ ὡς περὶ σφετέρων τε καὶ καλὰ πραξάντων.
But I know that such men, and all who have surpassed others in any kind of brilliance, though during their own lives they are offensive, especially to their equals and then also to those they associate with, yet leave to some posterity a claim of kinship even where none exists, and to whatever country they belong, they leave to it a source of boasting, as of men who were neither aliens nor wrongdoers, but their own people who had done noble deeds.
§6.16.6ὧν ἐγὼ ὀρεγόμενος καὶ διὰ ταῦτα τὰ ἴδια ἐπιβοώμενος τὰ δημόσια σκοπεῖτε εἴ του χεῖρον μεταχειρίζω.
Aimed as I am at these things, and cried out against as I am because of these private matters, consider whether I manage public affairs any worse than anyone else.
Πελοποννήσου γὰρ τὰ δυνατώτατα ξυστήσας ἄνευ μεγάλου ὑμῖν κινδύνου καὶ δαπάνης Λακεδαιμονίους ἐς μίαν ἡμέραν κατέστησα ἐν Μαντινείᾳ περὶ τῶν ἁπάντων ἀγωνίσασθαι· ἐξ οὗ καὶ περιγενόμενοι τῇ μάχῃ οὐδέπω καὶ νῦν βεβαίως θαρσοῦσιν.
For having united the most powerful states of the Peloponnese without great danger or expense to you, I brought the Lacedaemonians at Mantinea to stake their all upon a single day; as a result of which, although they prevailed in the battle, they do not even now possess firm confidence."

Notes

  1. §6.16.1ὧν γὰρ πέρι ἐπιβόητός εἰμι — The relative pronoun `ὧν` refers forward to the demonstrative `ταῦτα` in the main clause, which acts as the subject of the sentence. It means "those things regarding which (`πέρι`) I am cried out against..."
  2. §6.16.2τῷ ἐμῷ διαπρεπεῖ τῆς Ὀλυμπίαζε θεωρίας — The neuter adjective `διαπρεπές` is used substantively, with the genitive `τῆς θεωρίας` (the sending of a delegation/participation in the games) depending on it. The dative case expresses cause: "by the outstanding brilliance of my delegation to Olympia."
  3. §6.16.4ἐφ’ ἑαυτῷ μέγα φρονοῦντα — This accusative participle acts as the subject of the infinitive `μὴ ἴσον εἶναι`, expressing a general statement: "that one who thinks highly of himself should not be on an equality."
  4. §6.16.5ἧς ἂν ὦσι πατρίδος, ταύτῃ — This is an instance of relative attraction; the standard structure would be `ταύτῃ τῇ πατρίδι ἧς ἂν ὦσι` ("to that country of which they may be members"), but the antecedent is incorporated and attracted into the case of the relative clause.
  5. §6.16.6τὰ δημόσια σκοπεῖτε εἴ του χεῖρον μεταχειρίζω — A case of prolepsis (anticipation), where `τὰ δημόσια` (public affairs), which logically belongs to the indirect question `εἴ...` (whether I manage them...), is placed beforehand as the object of the main verb `σκοπεῖτε`.

Cite this passage

Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War §6.16.1-6.16.6. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:6.16.1-6.16.6

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