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Thucydides · History of the Peloponnesian War §5.30.1-5.30.5

Spartan Envoys Sent to Corinth and the Treaty Rejected

Passage 530 of 917 · Greek

Summary

The Lacedaemonians send envoys to Corinth to suppress the growing unrest, but the Corinthians refuse to accept the peace treaty with Athens, citing their previous oaths as a divine obstacle, and dismiss the Lacedaemonians while delaying their decision on the Argive alliance.

§5.30.1Λακεδαιμόνιοι δὲ αἰσθόμενοι τὸν θροῦν τοῦτον ἐν τῇ Πελοποννήσῳ καθεστῶτα καὶ τοὺς Κορινθίους διδασκάλους τε γενομένους καὶ αὐτοὺς μέλλοντας σπείσεσθαι πρὸς τὸ Ἄργος, πέμπουσι πρέσβεις ἐς τὴν Κόρινθον βουλόμενοι προκαταλαβεῖν τὸ μέλλον, καὶ ᾐτιῶντο τήν τε ἐσήγησιν τοῦ παντὸς καὶ εἰ Ἀργείοις σφῶν ἀποστάντες ξύμμαχοι ἔσονται, παραβήσεσθαί τε ἔφασαν αὐτοὺς τοὺς ὅρκους, καὶ ἤδη ἀδικεῖν ὅτι οὐ δέχονται τὰς Ἀθηναίων σπονδάς, εἰρημένον κύριον εἶναι ὅτι ἂν τὸ πλῆθος τῶν ξυμμάχων ψηφίσηται, ἢν μή τι θεῶν ἢ ἡρώων κώλυμα ᾖ.
The Lacedaemonians, perceiving that this murmuring had arisen in the Peloponnese, and that the Corinthians had become its instigators and were themselves about to make a treaty with Argos, sent envoys to Corinth, wishing to prevent what was to come. They accused them both of initiating the whole movement and of whether they would revolt from them and become allies of the Argives, asserting that they would be violating their oaths and were already doing wrong by not accepting the treaty with the Athenians, although it had been decreed that whatever the majority of the allies voted should be binding, unless there were some obstacle on the part of gods or heroes.
§5.30.2Κορίνθιοι δὲ παρόντων σφίσι τῶν ξυμμάχων ὅσοι οὐδ’ αὐτοὶ ἐδέξαντο τὰς σπονδάς (παρεκάλεσαν δὲ αὐτοὺς αὐτοὶ πρότερον), ἀντέλεγον τοῖς Λακεδαιμονίοις, ἃ μὲν ἠδικοῦντο οὐ δηλοῦντες ἄντικρυς, ὅτι οὔτε Σόλλιον σφίσιν ἀπέλαβον παρ’ Ἀθηναίων οὔτε Ἀνακτόριον εἴ τέ τι ἄλλο ἐνόμιζον ἐλασσοῦσθαι, πρόσχημα δὲ ποιούμενοι τοὺς ἐπὶ Θρᾴκης μὴ προδώσειν·
The Corinthians, in the presence of those allies who had also not accepted the treaty (whom they themselves had previously invited), replied to the Lacedaemonians, not openly declaring the wrongs they were suffering—namely, that they had not recovered Sollium or Anactorium from the Athenians, or any other matter in which they thought they were disadvantaged—but making a pretext of not wishing to betray their allies in Thrace.
ὀμόσαι γὰρ αὐτοῖς ὅρκους ἰδίᾳ τε, ὅτε μετὰ Ποτειδεατῶν τὸ πρῶτον ἀφίσταντο, καὶ ἄλλους ὕστερον.
For they had sworn oaths to them individually, both when they first revolted in company with the Potidaeans, and others later.
§5.30.3οὔκουν παραβαίνειν τοὺς τῶν ξυμμάχων ὅρκους ἔφασαν οὐκ ἐσιόντες ἐς τὰς τῶν Ἀθηναίων σπονδάς· θεῶν γὰρ πίστεις ὀμόσαντες ἐκείνοις οὐκ ἂν εὐορκεῖν προδιδόντες αὐτούς.
Therefore, they said they were not violating the oaths of the allies by not entering into the treaty with the Athenians; for having sworn by the pledge of the gods to those people, they would not be keeping their oaths if they betrayed them.
εἰρῆσθαι δ’ ὅτι ‘ἢν μὴ θεῶν ἢ ἡρώων κώλυμα ᾖ· ’ φαίνεσθαι οὖν σφίσι κώλυμα θεῖον τοῦτο.
Furthermore, it had been stated, "unless there be some obstacle on the part of gods or heroes," and this, therefore, appeared to them to be a divine obstacle.
§5.30.4καὶ περὶ μὲν τῶν παλαιῶν ὅρκων τοσαῦτα εἶπον, περὶ δὲ τῆς Ἀργείων ξυμμαχίας μετὰ τῶν φίλων βουλευσάμενοι ποιήσειν ὅτι ἂν δίκαιον ᾖ.
Concerning their ancient oaths they spoke thus, but regarding the alliance with the Argives, they said they would do whatever was right after consulting with their friends.
§5.30.5καὶ οἱ μὲν Λακεδαιμονίων πρέσβεις ἀνεχώρησαν ἐπ’ οἴκου·
So the Lacedaemonian envoys returned home.
ἔτυχον δὲ παρόντες ἐν Κορίνθῳ καὶ Ἀργείων πρέσβεις, οἳ ἐκέλευον τοὺς Κορινθίους ἰέναι ἐς τὴν ξυμμαχίαν καὶ μὴ μέλλειν· οἱ δὲ ἐς τὸν ὕστερον ξύλλογον αὐτοῖς τὸν παρὰ σφίσι προεῖπον ἥκειν.
There happened also to be present in Corinth envoys from the Argives, who urged the Corinthians to join their alliance without delay; but they told them to come to the next assembly to be held among them.

Notes

  1. §5.30.1εἰ — An indirect interrogative conjunction meaning "whether". It introduces a noun clause functioning as the object of ᾐτιῶντο ("they accused"), expressing the concern that the Corinthians might revolt and become allies of the Argives.
  2. §5.30.1εἰρημένον — Accusative absolute of the neuter singular participle of the impersonal verb εἴρηται ("it is prescribed/stated"). It functions here either concessively ("although it was stated") or circumstantially ("since it was prescribed").
  3. §5.30.2τοὺς ἐπὶ Θρᾴκης — An idiomatic expression meaning "those in the direction of Thrace" or "the Thracian allies." The preposition ἐπί with the genitive indicates direction or location, referring here to the Corinthian allies in the Chalcidice region and its vicinity.
  4. §5.30.3φαίνεσθαι — An infinitive in indirect discourse, introduced by the ongoing force of ἔφασαν ("they said") in the previous sentence. The subject is the neuter demonstrative pronoun τοῦτο, meaning "this, therefore, appeared to them to be a divine obstacle."

Cite this passage

Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War §5.30.1-5.30.5. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:5.30.1-5.30.5

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