Humanitext Reader

Thucydides · History of the Peloponnesian War §2.64.1-2.64.6

Bearing the Plague and the Everlasting Glory of the Empire

Passage 210 of 917 · Greek

Summary

Pericles urges the citizens not to be dispirited by the unforeseen plague and to bear their hardships bravely in accordance with Athenian tradition. He emphasizes that the great reputation and historical memory of Athens' empire will endure forever, far outlasting temporary hatred or eventual decline.

§2.64.1‘ὑμεῖς δὲ μήτε ὑπὸ τῶν τοιῶνδε πολιτῶν παράγεσθε μήτε ἐμὲ δι’ ὀργῆς ἔχετε, ᾧ καὶ αὐτοὶ ξυνδιέγνωτε πολεμεῖν, εἰ καὶ ἐπελθόντες οἱ ἐναντίοι ἔδρασαν ἅπερ εἰκὸς ἦν μὴ ἐθελησάντων ὑμῶν ὑπακούειν, ἐπιγεγένηταί τε πέρα ὧν προσεδεχόμεθα ἡ νόσος ἥδε, πρᾶγμα μόνον δὴ τῶν πάντων ἐλπίδος κρεῖσσον γεγενημένον.
'But you should neither be led astray by such citizens, nor hold me in anger—me, with whom you yourselves also decided to wage war—even if the enemy invaded and did what was natural because you did not wish to submit, and even if this plague has come upon us beyond what we expected, a thing indeed alone of all occurrences that has turned out superior to our anticipation.
καὶ δι’ αὐτὴν οἶδ’ ὅτι μέρος τι μᾶλλον ἔτι μισοῦμαι, οὐ δικαίως, εἰ μὴ καὶ ὅταν παρὰ λόγον τι εὖ πράξητε ἐμοὶ ἀναθήσετε.
And because of it, I know that I am hated still somewhat more, and unjustly so, unless, whenever you fare well contrary to expectation, you are also going to attribute that to me.
§2.64.2φέρειν δὲ χρὴ τά τε δαιμόνια ἀναγκαίως τά τε ἀπὸ τῶν πολεμίων ἀνδρείως· ταῦτα γὰρ ἐν ἔθει τῇδε τῇ πόλει πρότερόν τε ἦν νῦν τε μὴ ἐν ὑμῖν κωλυθῇ.
But we must bear what comes from the gods of necessity, and what comes from the enemy with courage; for these things were customary for this city in the past, and let them not now be prevented in your case.
§2.64.3γνῶτε δὲ ὄνομα μέγιστον αὐτὴν ἔχουσαν ἐν ἅπασιν ἀνθρώποις διὰ τὸ ταῖς ξυμφοραῖς μὴ εἴκειν, πλεῖστα δὲ σώματα καὶ πόνους ἀνηλωκέναι πολέμῳ, καὶ δύναμιν μεγίστην δὴ μέχρι τοῦδε κεκτημένην, ἧς ἐς ἀΐδιον τοῖς ἐπιγιγνομένοις, ἢν καὶ νῦν ὑπενδῶμέν ποτε (πάντα γὰρ πέφυκε καὶ ἐλασσοῦσθαι), μνήμη καταλελείψεται, Ἑλλήνων τε ὅτι Ἕλληνες πλείστων δὴ ἤρξαμεν, καὶ πολέμοις μεγίστοις ἀντέσχομεν πρός τε ξύμπαντας καὶ καθ’ ἑκάστους, πόλιν τε τοῖς πᾶσιν εὐπορωτάτην καὶ μεγίστην ᾠκήσαμεν.
And know that she has the greatest name among all men because she does not yield to misfortunes, and has expended the most lives and efforts in war, and has possessed the greatest power indeed up to this time, the memory of which will be left to posterity forever, even if we should now at some point yield (for all things are by nature subject to decline); namely, that we, being Greeks, ruled over the greatest number of Greeks, and withstood the greatest wars against them all combined and against each individually, and inhabited a city best provided with everything and the greatest.
§2.64.4καίτοι ταῦτα ὁ μὲν ἀπράγμων μέμψαιτ’ ἄν, ὁ δὲ δρᾶν τι καὶ αὐτὸς βουλόμενος ζηλώσει· εἰ δέ τις μὴ κέκτηται, φθονήσει.
And yet, the inactive man might find fault with these things, but he who wishes to accomplish something himself will emulate them; and if anyone does not possess them, he will envy them.
§2.64.5τὸ δὲ μισεῖσθαι καὶ λυπηροὺς εἶναι ἐν τῷ παρόντι πᾶσι μὲν ὑπῆρξε δὴ ὅσοι ἕτεροι ἑτέρων ἠξίωσαν ἄρχειν· ὅστις δὲ ἐπὶ μεγίστοις τὸ ἐπίφθονον λαμβάνει, ὀρθῶς βουλεύεται.
To be hated and to be offensive at the present moment has indeed always been the lot of all who have seen fit to rule over others; but whoever incurs envy for the greatest causes takes counsel rightly.
μῖσος μὲν γὰρ οὐκ ἐπὶ πολὺ ἀντέχει, ἡ δὲ παραυτίκα τε λαμπρότης καὶ ἐς τὸ ἔπειτα δόξα αἰείμνηστος καταλείπεται.
For hatred does not last long, whereas immediate splendor and ever-to-be-remembered glory are left behind for the future.
§2.64.6ὑμεῖς δὲ ἔς τε τὸ μέλλον καλὸν προγνόντες ἔς τε τὸ αὐτίκα μὴ αἰσχρὸν τῷ ἤδη προθύμῳ ἀμφότερα κτήσασθε, καὶ Λακεδαιμονίοις μήτε ἐπικηρυκεύεσθε μήτε ἔνδηλοι ἔστε τοῖς παροῦσι πόνοις βαρυνόμενοι, ὡς οἵτινες πρὸς τὰς ξυμφορὰς γνώμῃ μὲν ἥκιστα λυποῦνται, ἔργῳ δὲ μάλιστα ἀντέχουσιν, οὗτοι καὶ πόλεων καὶ ἰδιωτῶν κράτιστοί εἰσιν. ’
You, therefore, having foreknown both what is noble for the future and what is not shameful for the immediate present, acquire both by your immediate zeal, and neither send heralds to the Lacedaemonians nor make it clear that you are weighed down by your present troubles; since those who are least distressed in mind by misfortunes, but in action resist them most, are the strongest both among states and among individuals.'

Notes

  1. §2.64.1εἰ μὴ καὶ ὅταν παρὰ λόγον τι εὖ πράξητε ἐμοὶ ἀναθήσετε — A conditional clause with the future indicative `ἀναθήσετε`, producing an ironic effect. It expresses a logical paradox: 'unless you are also going to attribute it to me when you succeed contrary to expectation (you should not blame me for this failure).' The clause modifies the preceding statement of being unjustly hated (`οὐ δικαίως`).
  2. §2.64.2μὴ ἐν ὑμῖν κωλυθῇ — A third-person aorist passive subjunctive expressing a prohibition or a strong exhortation ('let it not be prevented'). `ἐν ὑμῖν` means 'in your case' or 'by your conduct,' urging that the national character inherited from their ancestors must not be allowed to fail in the present generation.
  3. §2.64.3ὅτι Ἕλληνες πλείστων δὴ ἤρξαμεν — The `ὅτι` clause functions as an appositive explaining the specific content of `μνήμη` (memory) in the preceding relative clause. It points to the historical fact: 'namely, the memory that we ruled over the greatest number of Greeks.'

Cite this passage

Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War §2.64.1-2.64.6. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:2.64.1-2.64.6

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