Humanitext Reader

Thucydides · History of the Peloponnesian War §2.44.1-2.44.4

Consolation and Exhortation to the Bereaved Parents

Passage 190 of 917 · Greek

Summary

Pericles addresses the bereaved parents, encouraging those who are young enough to have more children to find solace and support the state, while advising the older generation to take comfort in their past happiness and the glory of their sons.

§2.44.1‘δι’ ὅπερ καὶ τοὺς τῶνδε νῦν τοκέας, ὅσοι πάρεστε, οὐκ ὀλοφύρομαι μᾶλλον ἢ παραμυθήσομαι.
‘For this reason, I do not lament so much as comfort the parents of these men, as many of you as are present.
ἐν πολυτρόποις γὰρ ξυμφοραῖς ἐπίστανται τραφέντες· τὸ δ’ εὐτυχές, οἳ ἂν τῆς εὐπρεπεστάτης λάχωσιν, ὥσπερ οἵδε μὲν νῦν, τελευτῆς, ὑμεῖς δὲ λύπης, καὶ οἷς ἐνευδαιμονῆσαί τε ὁ βίος ὁμοίως καὶ ἐντελευτῆσαι ξυνεμετρήθη.
For they know that they have been brought up in the midst of manifold changes of fortune; and good fortune belongs to those who draw the lot of the most honorable end, as these men have now, and you of the most honorable grief, and whose span of life has been equally measured out both for happiness in it and for ending in it.
§2.44.2χαλεπὸν μὲν οὖν οἶδα πείθειν ὄν, ὧν καὶ πολλάκις ἕξετε ὑπομνήματα ἐν ἄλλων εὐτυχίαις, αἷς ποτὲ καὶ αὐτοὶ ἠγάλλεσθε· καὶ λύπη οὐχ ὧν ἄν τις μὴ πειρασάμενος ἀγαθῶν στερίσκηται, ἀλλ’ οὗ ἂν ἐθὰς γενόμενος ἀφαιρεθῇ.
Now, I know indeed how hard it is to persuade you of this, when you will often have reminders of them in the good fortune of others, in which you yourselves once used to exult; and grief is felt not for the loss of those good things which one has never experienced, but for that which is torn away after one has become accustomed to it.
§2.44.3καρτερεῖν δὲ χρὴ καὶ ἄλλων παίδων ἐλπίδι,οἷς ἔτι ἡλικία τέκνωσιν ποιεῖσθαι· ἰδίᾳ τε γὰρ τῶν οὐκ ὄντων λήθη οἱ ἐπιγιγνόμενοί τισιν ἔσονται, καὶ τῇ πόλει διχόθεν, ἔκ τε τοῦ μὴ ἐρημοῦσθαι καὶ ἀσφαλείᾳ, ξυνοίσει·
Yet those of you who are still of an age to have offspring must bear up in the hope of other children; for individually, the children who are born later will cause the lost ones to be forgotten, and for the city, it will be a double benefit, both by preventing her from being left desolate and by securing her safety.
οὐ γὰρ οἷόν τε ἴσον τι ἢ δίκαιον βουλεύεσθαι οἳ ἂν μὴ καὶ παῖδας ἐκ τοῦ ὁμοίου παραβαλλόμενοι κινδυνεύωσιν.
For it is not possible for anyone to counsel anything fair or just who does not risk his own children on equal terms.
§2.44.4ὅσοι δ’ αὖ παρηβήκατε, τόν τε πλέονα κέρδος ὃν ηὐτυχεῖτε βίον ἡγεῖσθε καὶ τόνδε βραχὺν ἔσεσθαι, καὶ τῇ τῶνδε εὐκλείᾳ κουφίζεσθε.
And you, on the other hand, who are past your prime, reckon as gain that longer part of your life in which you were fortunate, and remember that this remaining portion will be short, and find relief in the fair fame of these men.
τὸ γὰρ φιλότιμον ἀγήρων μόνον, καὶ οὐκ ἐν τῷ ἀχρείῳ τῆς ἡλικίας τὸ κερδαίνειν, ὥσπερ τινές φασι, μᾶλλον τέρπει, ἀλλὰ τὸ τιμᾶσθαι.
For the love of honor alone is ageless, and in the useless period of life, it is not the acquiring of gain, as some say, that gives more pleasure, but being honored.’

Notes

  1. §2.44.1παραμυθήσομαι — A future indicative paired with the present ὀλοφύρομαι (I lament). It expresses the speaker's resolve or intention ('I will comfort') rather than a mere prediction of the future.
  2. §2.44.1τὸ δ’ εὐτυχές, οἳ ἂν τῆς εὐπρεπεστάτης λάχωσιν... — The neuter noun τὸ εὐτυχές (good fortune) serves as the subject, with its content explained by the relative clause οἳ ἂν λάχωσιν (those who draw the lot of...). Across the comparative ὥσπερ (just as), the genitive τελευτῆς (end) corresponds to οἵδε μὲν νῦν (these men now), while λύπης (grief) corresponds to ὑμεῖς δὲ (you), with both genitives sharing the modifier τῆς εὐπρεπεστάτης (most honorable).
  3. §2.44.2χαλεπὸν μὲν οὖν οἶδα πείθειν ὄν — The participle ὄν (being) serves as the supplementary participle after οἶδα (I know), embedding the impersonal construction χαλεπόν ἐστιν πείθειν (it is difficult to persuade). Although πείθειν generally means 'to persuade,' here it functions in the sense of 'to pacify' or 'to comfort' the grieving relatives.
  4. §2.44.3οἳ ἂν μὴ καὶ παῖδας ἐκ τοῦ ὁμοίου παραβαλλόμενοι κινδυνεύωσιν — A relative clause with ἄν and the subjunctive, functioning as a conditional clause (equivalent to ἐάν μή...). The middle participle παραβαλλόμενοι means 'risking' or 'exposing to danger,' which combined with ἐκ τοῦ ὁμοίου (on equal terms) and the main verb κινδυνεύωσιν (run risks) emphasizes the democratic principle of citizens sharing equal risks for the city.

Cite this passage

Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War §2.44.1-2.44.4. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:2.44.1-2.44.4

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