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Thucydides · History of the Peloponnesian War §1.36.1-1.36.4

Corcyra's Strategic Position and Conclusion of the Speech

Passage 36 of 917 · Greek

Summary

The Corcyraean envoys conclude their speech by urging Athens to secure Corcyra's strategic position for the upcoming war, highlighting its critical location along the route to Italy and Sicily and the decisive advantage of joining their naval forces.

§1.36.1‘καὶ ὅτῳ τάδε ξυμφέροντα μὲν δοκεῖ λέγεσθαι, φοβεῖται δὲ μὴ δι’ αὐτὰ πειθόμενος τὰς σπονδὰς λύσῃ, γνώτω τὸ μὲν δεδιὸς αὐτοῦ ἰσχὺν ἔχον τοὺς ἐναντίους μᾶλλον φοβῆσον, τὸ δὲ θαρσοῦν μὴ δεξαμένου ἀσθενὲς ὂν πρὸς ἰσχύοντας τοὺς ἐχθροὺς ἀδεέστερον ἐσόμενον, καὶ ἅμα οὐ περὶ τῆς Κερκύρας νῦν τὸ πλέον ἢ καὶ τῶν Ἀθηνῶν βουλευόμενος, καὶ οὐ τὰ κράτιστα αὐταῖς προνοῶν, ὅταν ἐς τὸν μέλλοντα καὶ ὅσον οὐ παρόντα πόλεμον τὸ αὐτίκα περισκοπῶν ἐνδοιάζῃ χωρίον προσλαβεῖν ὃ μετὰ μεγίστων καιρῶν οἰκειοῦταί τε καὶ πολεμοῦται.
'And let anyone who thinks that these things are indeed advantageous, but fears that if he is persuaded by them he will break the treaty, know that his fear, having strength, will rather frighten the opponents, while his confidence, if he does not receive us, being weak against powerful enemies, will be less formidable to them, and at the same time, that he is now deliberating not so much about Corcyra as about Athens, and is not providing what is best for her, when, looking only to the immediate present in view of the coming and almost present war, he hesitates to acquire a territory which with the greatest critical consequences is made either a friend or an enemy.
§1.36.2τῆς τε γὰρ Ἰταλίας καὶ Σικελίας καλῶς παράπλου κεῖται, ὥστε μήτε ἐκεῖθεν ναυτικὸν ἐᾶσαι Πελοποννησίοις ἐπελθεῖν τό τε ἐνθένδε πρὸς τἀκεῖ παραπέμψαι, καὶ ἐς τἆλλα ξυμφορώτατόν ἐστιν.
For it is well situated for the coastal voyage to Italy and Sicily, so as to prevent a fleet from coming thence to the Peloponnesians, and to escort one from here to those parts, and in other respects it is most advantageous.
§1.36.3βραχυτάτῳ δ’ ἂν κεφαλαίῳ, τοῖς τε ξύμπασι καὶ καθ’ ἕκαστον, τῷδ’ ἂν μὴ προέσθαι ἡμᾶς μάθοιτε· τρία μὲν ὄντα λόγου ἄξια τοῖς Ἕλλησι ναυτικά, τὸ παρ’ ὑμῖν καὶ τὸ ἡμέτερον καὶ τὸ Κορινθίων· τούτων δὲ εἰ περιόψεσθε τὰ δύο ἐς ταὐτὸν ἐλθεῖν καὶ Κορίνθιοι ἡμᾶς προκαταλήψονται, Κερκυραίοις τε καὶ Πελοποννησίοις ἅμα ναυμαχήσετε, δεξάμενοι δὲ ἡμᾶς ἕξετε πρὸς αὐτοὺς πλείοσι ναυσὶ ταῖς ἡμετέραις ἀγωνίζεσθαι. ’ §1.36.4τοιαῦτα μὲν οἱ Κερκυραῖοι εἶπον· οἱ δὲ Κορίνθιοι μετ’ αὐτοὺς τοιάδε.
And by the briefest summary, both for the whole and in detail, you may learn not to abandon us from this: there are three fleets worthy of mention among the Hellenes—yours, ours, and that of the Corinthians; and if you allow two of these to come into the same hands, and the Corinthians anticipate us by seizing us beforehand, you will have to fight at sea against both the Corcyraeans and Peloponnesians at the same time, whereas if you receive us, you will have our ships in addition with which to contend against them.' Thus the Corcyraeans spoke; and after them the Corinthians spoke as follows.

Notes

  1. §1.36.1γνώτω τὸ μὲν δεδιὸς αὐτοῦ ἰσχὺν ἔχον τοὺς ἐναντίους μᾶλλον φοβῆσον, τὸ δὲ θαρσοῦν μὴ δεξαμένου ἀσθενὲς ὂν πρὸς ἰσχύοντας τοὺς ἐχθροὺς ἀδεέστερον ἐσόμενον — This is the object clause of γνώτω (let him know), featuring a parallel structure with the future participles φοβῆσον and ἐσόμενον (with ἔσεσθαι understood), which function as indirect discourse. ἀδεέστερον is taken passively as 'less formidable' (inspiring less fear in the enemy), contrasting a strong 'fear' (prudent preparation through alliance) that intimidates the enemy with a weak 'confidence' (complacent rejection of the alliance) that fails to scare them.
  2. §1.36.1καὶ ἅμα οὐ περὶ τῆς Κερκύρας νῦν τὸ πλέον ἢ καὶ τῶν Ἀθηνῶν βουλευόμενος — The participles βουλευόμενος (and the following προνοῶν) are nominative, agreeing with the logical subject of the main clause (the person referred to by ὅτῳ). It coordinates with the clause ὅταν ... ἐνδοιάζῃ (when he hesitates), explaining that in doing so, he is actually deliberating about Athens and failing to provide the best for her.

Cite this passage

Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War §1.36.1-1.36.4. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:1.36.1-1.36.4

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