Humanitext Reader

Cyprian of Carthage · On Mortality §8-10

Sharing in Worldly Adversity and the Endurance of Job

Passage 3 of 8 · Latin

Summary

Addressing the concern that Christians suffer from diseases just like gentiles, the author explains that as long as they possess mortal flesh, they must share in worldly adversities, highlighting the endurance of Job and Tobit as exemplary models of faith under trial.

§8At enim quosdam mouet quod aequaliter cum gentilibus nostros morbi istius ualitudo corripiat: quasi ad hoc crediderit christianus, ut immunis a contactu malorum mundo et saeculo feliciter perfruatur et non hic omnia aduersa perpessus ad futuram laetitiam reseruetur.
But indeed, it troubles some that the outbreak of this disease attacks our people equally with the gentiles: as if a Christian believed for this purpose, that he might enjoy the world and this life happily, immune from contact with evils, and were not reserved, having endured all adversities here, for future joy.
mouet quosdam quod sit nobis cum ceteris mortalitas ista communis.
It troubles some that this mortality is common to us with others.
quid enim nobis in hoc mundo non commune cum ceteris, quamdiu adhuc secundum legem primae natiuitatis manet caro ista communis? quoadusque istic in mundo sumus, cum genere humano carnis aequalitate coniungimur, spiritu separamur.
For what is not common to us with others in this world, as long as this common flesh still remains according to the law of the first birth? As long as we are here in the world, we are joined with the human race in the equality of the flesh, but separated in spirit.
itaque donec corruptiuum istud induat incorruptionem, et mortale hoc accipiat inmortalitatem, et spiritus nos perducat ad Deum patrem, quaecumque sunt carnis incommoda sunt nobis cum humano genere communia.
Therefore, until this corruptible puts on incorruption, and this mortal receives immortality, and the spirit leads us to God the Father, whatever inconveniences of the flesh there are, they are common to us with the human race.
sic cum fetu sterili terra ieiuna est, neminem fames separat: sic cum inruptione hostili ciuitas aliqua possessa est, omnes simul captiuitas uastat, et quando imbrem nubila serena suspendunt, omnibus siccitas una est, et cum nauem scopulosa saxa confringunt nauigantibus naufragium sine exceptione commune est, et oculorum dolor et impetus febrium et omnium ualitudo membrorum cum ceteris communis est nobis, quamdiu portatur in saeculo caro ista communis.
Thus, when the earth is barren with sterile crops, hunger excludes no one; thus, when some city is captured by a hostile invasion, captivity devastates all together; and when clear clouds suspend the rain, there is one drought for all; and when rocky reefs shatter a ship, shipwreck is common without exception to those who sail; and pain of the eyes, the attack of fevers, and the ailment of all the limbs is common to us with the others, as long as this common flesh is carried in this world.
§9Quin immo si qua condicione, qua lege crediderit christianus noscat et teneat, sciet plus sibi quam ceteris in saeculo laborandum, cui magis sit cum diaboli inpugnatione luctandum.
On the contrary, if a Christian knows and holds under what condition, under what law he believed, he will know that he must labor more in the world than others, since he must struggle more with the onslaught of the devil.
docet et praemonet scriptura diuina dicens: fili, accedens ad seruitutem Dei sta in iustitia et timore et praepara animam tuam ad temptationem, et iterum: in dolore sustine et in humilitate tua patientiam habe, quoniam in igne probatur aurum et argentum. §10Sic Iob post rerum damna, post pignerum funera uulneribus quoque et uermibus grauiter adflictus non uictus est sed probatus, qui in ipsis conflictationibus et doloribus suis patientiam religiosae mentis ostendens ait: nudus exiui de matris utero, nudus etiam ibo sub terram.
Divine Scripture teaches and forewarns, saying: 'My son, when you come to the service of God, stand in justice and fear, and prepare your soul for temptation.' And again: 'Sustain in sorrow, and have patience in your humility, because gold and silver are tried in the fire.' Thus Job, after the loss of his possessions, after the deaths of his beloved children, being also heavily afflicted with wounds and worms, was not conquered but tested; who, showing the patience of a religious mind in his very conflicts and pains, said: 'Naked I came out of my mother's womb, naked also shall I go under the earth.
Dominus dedit et Dominus abstulit: sicut Domino uisum est, ita factum est.
The Lord gave, and the Lord took away: as it seemed good to the Lord, so it was done.
sit nomen Domini benedictum. et cum eum uxor quoque conpelleret, ut ui doloris inpatiens aliquid aduersus Deum querula et inuidiosa uoce loqueretur, respondit et dixit: tamquam una ex insipientibus mulieribus locuta es.
Blessed be the name of the Lord.' And when his wife also compelled him, being impatient under the force of pain, to speak something against God with a complaining and envious voice, he answered and said: 'You have spoken like one of the foolish women.
si bona excepimus de manu Domini, mala non tolerabimus? in his omnibus quae contigerunt ei nihil peccauit Iob labiis suis in conspectu Domini.
If we have received good things from the hand of the Lord, shall we not endure evil things?' In all these things which befell him, Job sinned not at all with his lips in the sight of the Lord.
itaque illi Dominus Deus perhibet testimonium dicens: animaduertisti puerum meum Iob? non enim est similis illi quisquam in terris, homo sine querella, uerus Dei cultor. et Tobias post opera magnifica, post misericordiae suae multa et gloriosa praeconia caecitatem luminum passus timens et benedicens in aduersis Deum per ipsam corporis sui cladem creuit ad laudem, quem et ipsum uxor sua deprauare temptauit dicens: ubi sunt iustitiae tuae? ecce quae pateris. at ille circa timorem Dei stabilis et firmus et ad omnem tolerantiam passionis fide religionis armatus temptationi uxoris inualidae in dolore non cessit, sed magis Deum patientia maiore promeruit, quem postmodum Raphael angelus conlaudat et dicit: opera Dei reuelare et confiteri honorificum est.
Therefore the Lord God bears witness to him, saying: 'Have you observed my servant Job? For there is none like him on the earth, a man without complaint, a true worshiper of God.' And Tobit, after magnificent works, after many and glorious praises of his mercy, having suffered blindness of his eyes, fearing and blessing God in adversities, grew to praise through that very ruin of his body; whom also his wife tempted to deprave saying: 'Where are your righteous deeds? Behold what you suffer.' But he, stable and firm in the fear of God, and armed by the faith of religion for all endurance of suffering, did not yield in his pain to the temptation of his weak wife, but rather merited well of God with greater patience; whom afterward the angel Raphael praises together and says: 'It is honorable to reveal and confess the works of God.
nam quando orabas tu et Sarra ego optuli memoriam orationis uestrae in conspectu claritatis Dei: et cum sepelires tu mortuos simpliciter, et quia non es cunctatus exurgere et derelinquere prandium tuum et abisti et condidisti mortuum, et missus sum temptare te: et iterum me misit Deus curare te et Sarram nurum tuam: ego enim sum Raphael, unus ex septem angelis sanctis qui adsistimus et conuersamur ante claritatem Dei.
For when you and Sarah prayed, I offered the memory of your prayer in the sight of the brightness of God; and when you buried the dead simply, and because you did not hesitate to rise and leave your dinner, and went and buried the dead, I also was sent to test you; and again God sent me to cure you and Sarah your daughter-in-law. For I am Raphael, one of the seven holy angels who stand and associate before the brightness of God.'

Notes

  1. §8quasi ad hoc crediderit — The subjunctive perfect crediderit introduced by quasi (as if) expresses an unreal or hypothetical comparison, which does not reflect the actual fact.
  2. §9cui magis sit — The relative pronoun cui functions as a 'dative of agent' for the impersonal passive periphrastic construction with the gerundive luctandum [est], indicating the person who must struggle.
  3. §10pignerum — Genitive plural of pignus (pledge, pawn). In late and Christian Latin, it is a rhetorical and poetic term used to refer to 'children' as a parent's most precious pledges.
  4. §10labiis suis — Ablative of instrument ('with his lips'), directly reflecting the biblical phrasing of Job 2:10, emphasizing that he did not sin in speech against God.

Cite this passage

Cyprian of Carthage, On Mortality §8-10. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:latinLit:stoa0104a.stoa008.humanitext-lat1:8-10

Please note the AI-draft status of the translation and the date accessed.

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