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Cyprian of Carthage · To Demetrian §21-23

The Mark of Salvation at the End of Days and Exhortation to Repent

Passage 8 of 9 · Latin

Summary

Explains that the shared suffering of Christians and the profane is temporary due to their bodily condition, shows through biblical prophecies that only those marked with Christ's sign will be saved at the end of the world, and exhorts conversion to God.

§21Nemo sibi itaque blandiatur quod nobis et profanis, Dei cultoribus et Deo aduersantibus sit interim per aequalitatem carnis et corporis laborum saecularium condicio communis, ut ex hoc opinetur non omnia ista quae accidunt nobis inrogari, cum Dei ipsius praedicatione et prophetica contestatione ante praedictum sit uenturam super iniustos iram Dei, persecutiones quae nos humanitus laederent non defuturas, sed et ultiones quae laesos diuinitus defenderent secuturas. §22Et quanta sunt quae istic pro nobis interim fiunt.
let no one flatter himself that we and the profane, the worshippers of God and those opposing God, have in the meantime, through the equality of the fleshand the body, a common condition of worldly labors, so that he should think from this that all these things which happen are not imposed upon us, since by the declaration of God Himself and the prophetic testimony it has been predicted beforehand that the wrath of God will come upon the unjust, that persecutions which would hurt us humanly will not be wanting, but also that vengeances which woulddivinely defend the injured will follow. how great are the things which are done here for us in the meantime!
in exemplum aliquid datur, ut Dei uindicis ira noscatur.
Something is given as an example, so that the wrath of an avenging God may be known.
ceterum retro est iudicii dies quem scriptura sancta denuntiat dicens: ululate. proximus est enim dies Domini, et obtritio s Deo aderit. ecce enim dies Domini uenit insanabilis indignationis et irae ponere orbem terrae desertum et peccatores perdere ex eo.
But the day of judgment is reserved hereafter, which the Holy Scripture denounces, saying: "Howl ye, for the day of the Lord is at hand, and destructionfrom God shall come." For behold, the day of the Lord comes, of incurable indignation and wrath, to lay the earth desolate and to destroy the sinners out of it.
et iterum: ecce dies Domini uenit ardens uelut clibanus, eruntque omnes alienigenae et omnes iniqui stipula, et s uccendet illos adueniens dies, dicit Dominus. succendi et cremari alienigenas praecanit Dominus id est alienos a diuino genere et profanos, spiritaliter non renatos nec Dei filios factos.
And again: "Behold, the day of the Lord comes, burning as a furnace, and all the aliens and all the wicked shall be stubble, and the coming day shall set themon fire, says the Lord." The Lord foretells that the aliens—that is, those alien to the divine race and the profane, who are not spiritually reborn nor made children of God—shall be set on fire and burned.
euadere enim solos posse qui renati et signo Christi signati fuerint alio in loco Deus loquitur, quando ad uastationem mundi et interitum generis humani angelos suos mittens grauius in ultimo comminatur dicens: uadite et caedite et nolite parcere oculis uestris.
For that those alone can escape who have been reborn and signed with the sign of Christ, God speaks in another place, when, sending His angels to the desolation of the worldand the destruction of mankind, He threatens more severely at the last, saying: "Go and slay, and letnot your eyes spare.
nolite misereri seniores aut iuuenes et uirgines et mulieres et paruulos interficite ut perdeleantur.
Have no pity; old or young, and maidens and women and children, slay them that they may be utterly destroyed.
omnem autem super quem signum inscriptum est ne tetigeritis. quod autem sit hoc signum et qua in parte corporis positum manifestat alio in loco Deus dicens: transi mediam Hierusalem et notabis signum super frontes uirorum qui ingemunt et maerent ob iniquitates quae fiunt in medio ipsorum. et quod ad passionem et sanguinem Christi pertineat hoc signum et ille saluus adque incolumis reseruetur quisque in hoc signo inuenitur, item Dei testimonio conprobatur dicentis: et erit sanguis in signo uobis super domos in quibus ibi eritis, et uidebo sanguinem et protegam uos, et non erit in uobis plaga deminutionis, cum percutiam terram Aegypti. quod ante occiso agno praecedit in imagine impletur in Christo secuta postmodum ueritate.
But touch not anyone upon whom the sign is written." But what this sign is, and on what part of the body it is placed, God manifests in anotherplace, saying: "Go through the midst of Jerusalem, and thou shalt mark a sign upon the foreheads of the men who groan and grieve for the iniquities that are done in the midst of them." And that this sign belongs to the passion and blood of Christ, and that everyone found in this signis kept safe and unharmed, is likewise proved by the testimony of God, who says: "And the blood shall be to you for a sign upon the houses wherein you shall be, and I will see the blood and will protect you, and the plague of destruction shall not be upon you when I strike the land of Egypt." What previously went before infigure with the slain lamb is fulfilled in Christ, the truth afterwards following.
ut illic percussa Aegypto Iudaicus populus euadere non nisi sanguine et signo agni potuit, ita et cum uastari coeperit mundus et percuti quisque in sanguine et signo Christi inuentus fuerit solus euadit. §23Respicite itaque dum tempus est ad ueram et aeternam salutem, et quia iam mundi finis in proximo est ad Deum mentes uestras Dei timore conuertite.
Just as there, when Egypt was struck, the Jewish people could not escape except by the blood and sign of the lamb, so also when the world begins to be wasted and struck, whoever is found in the blood and sign of Christ alone escapes. back therefore while there is time to true and eternal salvation, and because the end of the world is now near, turn your minds to God in the fear of God.
nec uos delectet in saeculo inter iustos et mites inpotens ista et uana dominatio, quando et in agro inter cultas et fertiles segetes lolium et auena dominetur, nec dicatis mala accidere, quia dii uestri a nobis non colantur, sed sciatis esse hanc iram Dei, Dei hanc esse censuram. ut qui beneficiis non intellegitur uel plagis intellegatur.
Nor let that powerless and vain domination delight you in the world among the just and the gentle, since even in the field among the cultivated and fertile crops, the tares and wild oats dominate,nor say that evils happen because your gods are not worshipped by us, but know that this is the wrath of God, this is the censure of God, so that he who is not understood by benefits may at least be understood by plagues.
Deum uel sero quaerite, quia iam pridem per prophetam Deus praemonens hortatur et dicit: quaerite Deum, et uiuet anima uestra. Deum uel sero cognoscite, quia et Christus adueniens hoc admonet et docet dicens: haec est autem uita aeterna ut cognoscant te solum et uerum Deum et quem misisti Iesum Christum.
Seek God even though late, because long ago God, forewarning through the prophet, exhorts and says: "Seek God, and your soul shall live."Know God even though late, because Christ also at His coming admonishes and teaches this, saying: "And this is life eternal, that they may know Thee, the only and true God, and Jesus Christ whom Thou hast sent." Believe Him who does not deceive at all.
credite illi qui omnino non fallit.
Believe Him who predicted all these future things.
credite illi qui haec omnia futura praedixit.
Believe Him who will give to those who believethe reward of eternal life.
credite illi qui credentibus praemium uitae aeternae dabit. credite illi qui incredulis aeterna supplicia gehennae ardoribus inrogabit.
Believe Him who will inflict upon the unbelieving eternal punishments with the burnings of Gehenna.

Notes

  1. 21non omnia ista quae accidunt nobis inrogari — Interprets nobis as the dative complement of the passive infinitive inrogari, meaning "not that all these things which happen are imposed upon us (as a punishment)."
  2. 22retro — Here retro is used not in the spatial sense of "behind" or temporal "formerly," but in the sense characteristic of Christian Latin, meaning "reserved" or "kept hereafter."
  3. 22ponere orbem terrae desertum... et peccatores perdere — The infinitives ponere and perdere indicate purpose after the verb of motion uenit. This differs from classical prose standards (which would use ut or a gerundive) and reflects late/Christian Latin usage influenced by Greek.
  4. 22quod ante occiso agno praecedit in imagine — occiso agno is an ablative absolute indicating a past event. This is a typological expression showing the Old Testament event of the Passover lamb as a prefiguration (imago) of the salvation through Christ's blood in the New Testament.

Cite this passage

Cyprian of Carthage, To Demetrian §21-23. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:latinLit:stoa0104a.stoa002.humanitext-lat1:21-23

Please note the AI-draft status of the translation and the date accessed.

Translation, notes and summary are AI-generated drafts, revised through reader feedback.