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Ausonius · The Play of the Seven Sages §1-79

Dedication, Prologue, and the Entrance of Solon

Passage 1 of 3 · Latin

Summary

This chunk contains Ausonius's poetic dedication and the prologue to the Play of the Seven Sages, where the Prologus explains the significance of theatrical performance and the wise sayings, followed by Solon's modest entrance.

§1ignoscenda istaec an cognoscenda rearis, §2adtento, Drepani, perlege iudicio, §3aequanimus fiam te iudice, sive legenda,
Whether you think these verses should be pardoned or scrutinized, read them through, Drepanius, with attentive judgment, I shall be at peace with you as judge, whether you think the poems we have offered should be read or should be hidden.
§4sive tegenda putes carmina, quae dedimus, §5nam primum est meruisse tuum, Pacate, favorem: §6proxima defensi cura pudoris erit.
For the first thing is to have deserved your favor, Pacatus; the next care will be for my defended modesty.
§7possum ego censuram lectoris ferre severi §8et possum modica laude placere mihi:
I am able to bear the censorship of a severe reader, and I am able to please myself with modest praise.
§9novit equus plausae sonitum cervicis amare, §10novit et intrepidus verbera lenta pati.
The horse knows how to love the sound of his patted neck, and knows, unafraid, how to endure the supple whips.
§11Maeonio qualem cultum quaesivit Homero §12censor Aristarchus normaque Zenodoti!
What a cultivation censor Aristarchus and the rule of Zenodotus demanded for Maeonian Homer!
§13pone obelos igitur primorum stigmata vatum: §14palmas, non culpas esse putabo meas; §15et correcta magis quam condemnata vocabo, §16adponet docti quae mihi lima viri.
Therefore, place your obeli, the marks of the foremost poets: I shall think them my palms of victory, not my faults; and I shall call them corrected rather than condemned, which the file of a learned man will apply to me.
§17interea arbitrii subiturus pondera tanti §18optabo, ut placeam; si minus, ut lateam.
Meanwhile, about to undergo the weight of such great judgment, I shall wish to please; if not, to remain hidden.
§19Septem sapientes, nomen quibus istud dedit §20Ssuperior aetas nec secuta sustulit, §21hodie in orchestram palliati prodeunt,
The Seven Sages, to whom the former age gave that name and the succeeding age did not take away, today come forth into the orchestra clad in Greek cloaks.
§22quid erubescis tu, togate Romule, §23scaenam quod introibunt tam clari viri?
Why do you blush, Roman in a toga, because such famous men will enter the stage?
§24nobis pudendum hoc, non et Atticis quoque: §25quibus theatrum curiae praebet vicem.
This is shameful for us, but not also for the Athenians, for whom the theater serves as the senate-house.
§26nostris negotis sua loca sortito data: §27campus comitiis, ut conscriptis curia, §28forum atque rostra separat ius 1 civium,
To our duties their own places have been allotted: the Campus for the comitia, as the senate-house for the senators, and the law of the citizens separates the Forum and the Rostra.
§29una est Athenis atque in omni Graecia §30ad consulendum publici sedes loci, §31quam in urbe nostra sero luxus condidit,
There is only one public seat for consultation in Athens and in all of Greece, which luxury established late in our city.
§32aedilis olim scaenam tabulatam dabat §33subito excitatam nulla mole saxea.
Formerly, the aedile used to give a wooden stage, quickly erected with no stone structure.
§34Murena sic et Gallius: nota eloquar, §35postquam potentes nec verentes sumptuum §36nomen perenne crediderunt, si semel §37constructa moles saxeo fundamine §38in omne tempus conderet ludis locum:
Thus did Murena and Gallius: I speak of well-known things, after powerful men who did not fear expense believed that their name would be eternal, if once a structure built with a stone foundation established a place for the games for all time.
§39cuneata crevit haec theatri inmanitas: §40Pompeius hanc et Balbus et Caesar dedit §41Octavianus concertantes sumptibus.
This vastness of the theater with its wedge-shaped seats grew; Pompey gave this, and Balbus, and Caesar Octavian, competing in expenses.
§42sed quid ego istaec? non hac de causa huc prodii,
But why do I speak of these things?
§43ut expedirem, quis theatra, quis forum, §44quis condidisset privas partes moenium: §45set ut verendos disque laudatos viros §46praegrederer aperiremque, quid vellent sibi.
I did not come out for this reason, to explain who had built theaters, who the Forum, who the private parts of the walls: but that I might precede the venerable men praised by the gods and reveal what they mean.
§47Pronuntiare suas solent sententias, §48quas quisque iam prudentium anteverterit.
They are accustomed to pronounce their own maxims, which any of the wise has already anticipated.
§49scitis profecto, quae sint; set si memoria §50rebus vetustis claudit, veniet ludius §51edissertator harum, quas teneo minus.
You surely know what they are; but if memory fails in ancient matters, an actor will come as an explicator of these maxims, which I hold less in mind.
§52DELPHIS Solonem scripse fama est Atticum §53γνῶθι σεαυτόν, quod Latinum est: nosce te. §54multi hoc Laconis esse Chilonis putant.
There is a rumor that Athenian Solon wrote at Delphi "gnothi seauton", which in Latin is: "nosce te." Many think this belongs to Laconian Chilon.
§55Spartane Chilon, sit tuum necne, ambigunt, §56quod iuxta fertur, ὄρα τέλοσ μακροῦ βίου, §57finem intueri longae vitae qui iubes.
Spartan Chilon, whether it is yours or not, they dispute, which is reported next to it, "hora telos makrou biou", who bids us to look upon the end of a long life.
§58multi hoc Solonem dixe Croeso existimant.
Many think Solon said this to Croesus.
§59et Pittacum dixisse fama est Lesbium §60γίγνωσκε καιρόν: tempus ut noris, iubet.
And there is a rumor that Pittacus of Lesbos said "gignoske kairon": he bids that you know the time.
§61set καιρὸσ iste tempestivum tempus est.
But that "kairos" is the opportune time.
§62Bias Prieneus dixit οἱ πλεῖστοι κακοί, §63quod est Latinum, plures hominum sunt mali; §64set inperitos scito, quos dixit malos.
Bias of Priene said "hoi pleistoi kakoi", which is in Latin: "the majority of men are bad"; but know that those he called bad were the ignorant.
§65μελέτη τὸ πᾶν, Periandri id est Corinthii, §66meditationem posse totum qui putat.
"melete to pan", this belongs to Periander of Corinth, who thinks that practice can do everything.
§67ἄριστον μέτρον esse dicit Lindius §68Cleobulus: hoc est, optimus cunctis modus.
Cleobulus of Lindus says "ariston metron" is: that is, the best measure for all.
§69Thales set ἐγγύα, πάρα δ' ἄτα protulit, §70spondere qui nos, noxa quia praes est, vetat.
But Thales brought forth "engua, para d' ata", who forbids us to give surety, because loss stands near as a guarantor.
§71hoc nos monere faeneratis non placet.
It does not please us to warn the usurers of this.
§72Dixi: recedam, legifer venit Solon.
I have spoken: I shall withdraw, the lawgiver Solon comes.
§73DE more Graeco prodeo in scaenam Solon, §74septem sapientum fama cui palmam dedit.
According to Greek custom, I, Solon, step onto the stage, to whom the fame of the seven sages gave the palm.
§75set famae 1 non est iudicii severitas; §76neque enim esse primum me, verum unum existimo, §77aequalitas quod ordinem nescit pati.
But in fame there is no severity of judgment; for I do not think myself to be the first, but one of them, since equality knows not how to endure rank.
§78recte olim ineptum Delphicus suasit deus §79quaerentem, quisnam primus sapientum foret,
Rightly once did the Delphic god advise an foolish man who asked who might be the first of the sages,

Notes

  1. §11Maeonio qualem cultum quaesivit Homero / censor Aristarchus normaque Zenodoti — The relative of comparison qualem implies a missing demonstrative antecedent (such as talem cultum) in the main clause, suggesting an exhortation or expectation such as "apply such cultivation to my poems as Aristarchus demanded for Homer."
  2. §20superior aetas nec secuta sustulit — secuta is a participle modifying the implied noun aetas ("the succeeding age"). sustulit is the perfect of tollere ("to take away, abolish"), meaning that the subsequent age did not abolish the name given by the previous one.
  3. §25quibus theatrum curiae praebet vicem — vicem is the accusative, which, together with the genitive curiae, forms the idiom vicem praebere ("to take the place of, serve as"). The subject is theatrum ("the theater serves as the senate-house").
  4. §64set inperitos scito, quos dixit malos. — scito is the second person singular future imperative ("know that..."). The antecedent pronoun eos of the relative pronoun quos is omitted, acting as the subject of an implied accusative-and-infinitve construction where inperitos is the predicate accusative, while malos is the second accusative of the double accusative with dixit.
  5. §70spondere qui nos, noxa quia praes est, vetat. — qui is the relative pronoun referring to Thales. The core structure is qui vetat nos spondere ("who forbids us to give pledges"). In the inserted causal clause, noxa means "damage, penalty" and praes means "guarantor, surety," suggesting "because damage stands near as a surety."

Cite this passage

Ausonius, The Play of the Seven Sages §1-79. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:latinLit:stoa0045.stoa018.humanitext-lat2:1-79

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