[IDEM libro septimo decimo ad edictum. ] §8.5.4.prLoci corpus non est dominii ipsius, cui seruitus debetur, sed ius eundi habet.
[THE SAME, book 17 on the Edict] The physical substance of the place does not belong to the ownership of the person himself to whom the servitude is owed, but he has the right of passing.
§8.5.4.1Qui iter sine actu uel actum sine itinere habet, actione de seruitute utetur.
Anyone who has a right of way (iter) without the right of driving (actus), or a right of driving without a right of way, shall make use of the action concerning the servitude.
§8.5.4.2In confessoria actione, quae de seruitute mouetur, fructus etiam ueniunt.
In the confessory action, which is brought concerning a servitude, the fruits also are included.
sed uideamus, qui esse fructus seruitutis possunt: et est uerius id demum fructuum nomine computandum, si quid sit quod intersit agentis seruitute non prohiberi.
But let us see what can be the fruits of a servitude: and it is more correct that only that should be computed under the name of fruits, which represents the interest of the plaintiff in not being prevented from using the servitude.
sed et in negatoria actione, ut Labeo ait, fructus computantur, quanti interest petitoris non uti fundi sui itinere aduersarium: et hanc sententiam et Pomponius probat.
But also in the negatory action, as Labeo says, fruits are computed at the amount of the interest of the claimant that his adversary should not use the way through his land; and Pomponius also approves this opinion.
§8.5.4.3Si fundus, cui iter debetur, plurium sit, unicuique in solidum competit actio, et ita et Pomponius libro quadragensimo primo scribit: sed in aestimationem id quod interest ueniet, scilicet quod eius interest, qui experietur.
If the land to which the right of way is owed belongs to several persons, each one has the right of action for the whole, and Pomponius also writes this in his forty-first book; but in the estimation of damages, the interest of the party will be included, that is, the interest of the one who brings the action.
itaque de iure quidem ipso singuli experientur et uictoria et aliis proderit, aestimatio autem ad quod eius interest reuocabitur, quamuis per unum adquiri seruitus non possit.
Therefore, indeed, as to the right itself, individuals will bring the action, and victory will benefit the others as well, but the estimation of damages will be restricted to his own interest, although a servitude cannot be acquired through one person alone.
§8.5.4.4Sed et si duorum fundus sit qui seruit, aduersus unumquemque poterit ita agi et, ut Pomponius libro eodem scribit, quisquis defendit, solidum debet restituere, quia diuisionem haec res non recipit.
But also if the land which owes the servitude belongs to two persons, the action can be brought against each of them in this way, and, as Pomponius writes in the same book, whoever defends the action must restore the whole, because this matter does not admit of division.
§8.5.4.5Si quis mihi itineris uel actus uel uiae controuersiam non faciat, sed reficere sternere non patiatur, Pomponius libro eodem scribit confessoria actione mihi utendum: nam et si arborem impendentem habeat uicinus, qua uiam uel iter inuium uel inhabile facit, Marcellus quoque apud Iulianum notat iter petendum uel uiam uindicandam.
If anyone does not dispute my right of way, driving, or passage, but does not allow me to repair or pave it, Pomponius writes in the same book that I must make use of the confessory action; for even if a neighbor has an overhanging tree by which he makes the road or path impassable or unfit for use, Marcellus also notes in Julian that the path must be claimed or the road vindicated.
sed de refectione uiae et interdicto uti possumus, quod de itinere actuque reficiendo competit: non tamen si silice quis sternere uelit, nisi nominatim id conuenit.
But concerning the repair of the road, we can also make use of the interdict which is available for repairing a path or driving way; however, not if anyone wishes to pave it with flint, unless this has been specifically agreed upon.
§8.5.4.6Sed et de haustu, quia seruitus est, competunt nobis in rem actiones.
But also concerning the drawing of water, since it is a servitude, real actions are available to us.
§8.5.4.7Competit autem de seruitute actio domino aedificii neganti seruitutem se uicino debere, cuius aedes non in totum liberae sunt, sed ei cum quo agitur seruitutem non debent.
Moreover, an action concerning a servitude is available to the owner of a building who denies that he owes a servitude to a neighbor, whose building is not entirely free, but does not owe a servitude to the party against whom the action is brought.
uerbi gratia habeo aedes, quibus sunt uicinae Seianae et Sempronianae, Sempronianis seruitutem debeo, aduersus dominum Seianarum uolo experiri altius me tollere prohibentem: in rem actione experiar: licet enim seruiant aedes meae, ei tamen cum quo agitur non seruiunt: hoc igitur intendo habere me ius altius tollendi inuito eo cum quo ago: quantum enim ad eum pertinet, liberas aedes habeo.
For example, I have a building near which are the Seian and Sempronian buildings; I owe a servitude to the Sempronian building, but I wish to bring an action against the owner of the Seian building who prevents me from building higher. I shall sue by a real action; for although my building is subject to a servitude, it is not subject to the party with whom I am litigating. Therefore, I claim that I have the right to build higher against the will of the person with whom I am litigating; for, as far as he is concerned, I have a building free from servitude.
§8.5.4.8Si cui omnino altius tollere non liceat, aduersus eum recte agetur ius ei non esse tollere.
If anyone is not allowed to build higher at all, an action will be properly brought against him to the effect that he has no right to build.
haec seruitus et ei, qui ulteriores aedes habet, deberi poterit
This servitude can also be owed to one who has a building further away.