[POMPONIUS libro singulari enchiridii. ] §50.16.239.prPupillus' est, qui, cum impubes est, desiit in patris potestate esse aut morte aut emancipatione.
[By Pomponius, from his single-volume Handbook.] A 'ward' is one who, being under age, has ceased to be under paternal power either by death or by emancipation.
' §50.16.239.1Seruorum' appellatio ex eo fluxit, quod imperatores nostri captiuos uendere ac per hoc seruare nec occidere solent. '
The term 'slaves' derived from the fact that our commanders are accustomed to sell captives and thereby preserve them and not kill them.
§50.16.239.2Incola' est, qui aliqua regione domicilium suum contulit: quem Graeci πάροικον appellant.
An 'inhabitant' is one who has brought his domicile to a certain region: whom the Greeks call 'paroikos'.
nec tantum hi, qui in oppido morantur, incolae sunt, sed etiam qui alicuius oppidi finibus ita agrum habent, ut in eum se quasi in aliquam sedem recipiant. '
Nor are only those who reside in a town inhabitants, but also those who hold land within the boundaries of a town in such a way that they receive themselves into it as if into a sort of dwelling.
§50.16.239.3Munus publicum' est officium priuati hominis, ex quo commodum ad singulos uniuersosque ciues remque eorum imperio magistratus extraordinarium peruenit. '
A 'public duty' is the office of a private individual, from which an extraordinary advantage reaches individual and all citizens and their property by the command of a magistrate.
§50.16.239.4Aduena' est, quem Graeci ἄποικον appellant. '
A 'stranger' is one whom the Greeks call 'apoikos'.
§50.16.239.5Decuriones' quidam dictos aiunt ex eo, quod initio, cum coloniae deducerentur, decima pars eorum qui ducerentur consilii publici gratia conscribi solita sit. '
Some say that 'decurions' are so called from the fact that in the beginning, when colonies were founded, a tenth part of those who were led out was accustomed to be enrolled for the sake of the public council.
§50.16.239.6Urbs' ab urbo appellata est: urbare est aratro definire.
'City' was named from 'urbum': 'urbare' is to mark out boundaries with a plow.
et Uarus ait urbum appellari curuaturam aratri, quod in urbe condenda adhiberi solet. '
And Varus says that the curvature of a plow, which is accustomed to be used in founding a city, is called 'urbum'.
§50.16.239.7Oppidum' ab ope dicitur, quod eius rei causa moenia sint constituta. '
A 'town' is so called from 'ops', because for the sake of this thing fortifications were established.
§50.16.239.8Territorium' est uniuersitas agrorum intra fines cuiusque ciuitatis: quod ab eo dictum quidam aiunt, quod magistratus eius loci intra eos fines terrendi, id est summouendi ius habent.
A 'territory' is the whole of the lands within the boundaries of each city-state: which some say is so called from the fact that the magistrates of that place have the right of terrifying, that is, of removing, within those boundaries.
§50.16.239.9Uerbum 'suum' ambiguum est, utrum de toto an de parte significat.
The word 'one's own' is ambiguous, whether it signifies concerning the whole or concerning a part.
et ideo qui iuret suum non esse, adicere debet neque sibi communem esse.
And therefore, he who swears that it is not his own ought to add that it is not common to him either.