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Justinian I · The Digest of Justinian §48.3.4.pr

Penalties and Powers of the Governor for Failure to Produce

Passage 8153 of 9271 · Latin

Summary

This section rules that if a person fails to produce an accused for whom they provided security, they face a pecuniary penalty, or even extraordinary punishment if done with malicious intent, and empowers the governor to determine the amount if it is not specified.

[IDEM libro nono de officio proconsulis. ] §48.3.4.prSi quis reum criminis, pro quo satisdedit, non exhibuerit, poena pecuniaria plectitur.
[THE SAME, On the Office of Proconsul, Book 9] If anyone does not produce an accused of a crime, for whom he gave security, he is punished with a pecuniary penalty.
puto tamen, si dolo non exhibeat, etiam extra ordinem esse damnandum.
I think, however, that if he fails to produce him through malicious intent, he should also be punished extraordinarily.
sed si neque in cautione neque in decreto praesidis certa quantitas compraehensa est, ac nec consuetudo ostenditur, quae certam formam habet, praeses de modo pecuniae, quae inferri oporteat, statuet.
But if a specific sum is included neither in the security-bond nor in the decree of the governor, and no custom is shown which has a fixed form, the governor shall decide on the amount of money which ought to be paid.

Notes

  1. §48.3.4.prpro quo satisdedit — The antecedent of the relative pronoun `quo` is the accusative `reum`, and the subject of the verb `satisdedit` (from `satisdare`: to give security/surety) is `quis`, the subject of the conditional clause. It expresses the relationship: 'for whom [the surety] provided security.'
  2. §48.3.4.pretiam extra ordinem esse damnandum — This is an accusative-and-infinitive construction introduced by the verb of thinking `puto` ('I think'), but the subject pronoun in the accusative (`eum`) for the infinitive `esse damnandum` is omitted. Contextually, it refers to the subject of the conditional clause `si ... non exhibeat` (i.e., the surety).

Cite this passage

Justinian I, The Digest of Justinian §48.3.4.pr. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:latinLit:phi2806.phi002.humanitext-lat1:48.3.4.pr

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