[ULPIANUS libro quinquagesimo sexto ad edictum. ] §47.10.5.prLex Cornelia de iniuriis competit ei, qui iniuriarum agere uolet ob eam rem, quod se pulsatum uerberatumue domumue suam ui introitam esse dicat.
[ULPIANUS, On the Edict, book fifty-six.] The Cornelian law on iniuriae is available to him who wishes to bring an action for iniuriae on the ground that he asserts that he has been struck or beaten, or that his house has been entered by force.
qua lege cauetur, ut non iudicet, qui ei qui agit gener socer, uitricus priuignus, sobrinusue est propiusue eorum quemquem ea cognatione adfinitateue attinget, quiue eorum eius parentisue cuius eorum patronus erit.
By this law it is provided that no one shall act as judge who is a son-in-law, father-in-law, stepfather, stepson, or cousin to the plaintiff, or who is closer to any of them by such relationship or affinity, or who is the patron of any of them or of any of their parents.
lex itaque Cornelia ex tribus causis dedit actionem: quod quis pulsatus uerberatusue domusue eius ui introita sit.
Thus, the Cornelian law granted an action on three grounds: because someone has been struck or beaten, or his house has been entered by force.
apparet igitur omnem iniuriam, quae manu fiat, lege Cornelia contineri.
It is clear, therefore, that every iniuria committed by physical force is covered by the Cornelian law.
§47.10.5.1Inter pulsationem et uerberationem hoc interest, ut Ofilius scribit: uerberare est cum dolore caedere, pulsare sine dolore.
The difference between striking and beating is, as Ofilius writes: to beat is to strike with pain, to strike is without pain.
§47.10.5.2Domum accipere debemus non proprietatem domus, sed domicilium.
We must understand "house" not as the ownership of the house, but as the domicile.
quare siue in propria domu quis habitauerit siue in conducto uel gratis siue hospitio receptus, haec lex locum habebit.
Therefore, whether one lives in one's own house, or in one rented or occupied rent-free, or is received as a guest, this law will apply.
§47.10.5.3Quid si quis in uilla habitet uel in hortis? idem erit probandum.
What if someone lives in a villa or in gardens? The same must be approved.
§47.10.5.4Et si dominus fundum locauerit inque eum impetus factus sit, colonus aget, non dominus.
And if an owner has leased out a farm and an attack has been made upon it, the tenant shall bring the action, not the owner.
§47.10.5.5Si tamen in fundum alienum, qui domino colebatur, introitum sit, Labeo negat esse actionem domino fundi ex lege Cornelia, quia non possit ubique domicilium habere, hoc est per omnes uillas suas.
If, however, entry is made upon someone else's land which was cultivated by the owner, Labeo denies that the owner of the land has an action under the Cornelian law, because he cannot have a domicile everywhere, that is, in all his villas.
ego puto ad omnem habitationem, in qua pater familias habitat, pertinere hanc legem, licet ibi quis domicilium non habeat.
I think that this law applies to every habitation in which a father of a family lives, even if he does not have a domicile there.
ponamus enim studiorum causa Romae agere: Romae utique domicilium non habet et tamen dicendum est, si ui domus eius introita fuerit, Corneliam locum habere.
For let us suppose that someone lives in Rome for the purpose of studies: he certainly does not have a domicile in Rome, and yet it must be said that, if his house is entered by force, the Cornelian law applies.
tantum igitur ad meritoria uel stabula non pertinebit: ceterum ad hos pertinebit, qui inhabitant non momenti causa, licet ibi domicilium non habeant.
Therefore, it will not apply merely to rented rooms or inns; but it will apply to those who inhabit a place not for a temporary reason, even though they do not have a domicile there.
§47.10.5.6Illud quaeritur, an pater filio familias iniuriam passo ex lege Cornelia iniuriarum agere possit: et placuit non posse deque ea re inter omnes constat.
The question is asked, whether a father can bring an action for iniuriae under the Cornelian law when his filius familias has suffered an injury; and it has been decided that he cannot, and there is agreement among all on this point.
sed patri quidem praetoria iniuriarum actio competit, filio uero legis Corneliae.
But a praetorian action for iniuriae is available to the father, while the action of the Cornelian law is available to the son.
§47.10.5.7In lege Cornelia filius familias agere potest ex omni causa nec cauere debet ratam rem patrem habiturum: nam nec alias agentem filium iniuriarum ad cautionem de rato compellendum Iulianus scribit.
Under the Cornelian law, a filius familias can bring an action on any ground, and he does not need to give security that his father will ratify the matter; for Julian writes that even in other cases a son bringing an action for iniuriae is not to be compelled to give security for ratification.
§47.10.5.8Hac lege permittitur actori ius iurandum deferre, ut reus iuret iniuriam se non fecisse.
By this law, the plaintiff is permitted to tender an oath to the defendant, so that the defendant may swear that he did not commit the injury.
sed Sabinus in adsessorio etiam praetores exemplum legis secuturos ait: et ita res se habet.
But Sabinus says in his "On the Assessor's Office" that the praetors too will follow the example of this law; and such is the practice.
§47.10.5.9Si quis librum ad infamiam alicuius pertinentem scripserit composuerit ediderit doloue malo fecerit, quo quid eorum fieret, etiamsi alterius nomine ediderit uel sine nomine, uti de ea re agere liceret et, si condemnatus sit qui id fecit, intestabilis ex lege esse iubetur.
If anyone has written, composed, published, or with malicious intent caused any of these to be done to a book tending to the infamy of someone, even if he published it under another's name or without a name, it is allowed to bring an action on that matter; and if he who did it has been condemned, he is ordered by law to be intestabilis.
§47.10.5.10Eadem poena ex senatus consulto tenetur etiam is, qui ἐπιγράμματα aliudue quid sine scriptura in notam aliquorum produxerit: item qui emendum uendendumue curauerit.
By a decree of the senate, the same penalty also applies to him who has produced epigrams or anything else without writing to the discredit of certain persons, as well as to him who has taken care that it be bought or sold.
§47.10.5.11Et ei, qui indicasset, siue liber siue seruus sit, pro modo substantiae accusatae personae aestimatione iudicis praemium constituitur, seruo forsitan et libertate praestanda.
And to the informant, whether free or slave, a reward is appointed according to the discretion of the judge, in proportion to the estate of the accused person, with freedom also perhaps to be granted to a slave.
quid enim si publica utilitas ex hoc emergit?
For what if a public benefit emerges from this?