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Justinian I · The Digest of Justinian §46.8.3.pr-46.8.3.1

Restitution for Minors and Clauses in Ratification Security

Passage 7834 of 9271 · Latin

Summary

Discusses the handling of security for ratification given by a procurator of a minor creditor if restitution in integrum is granted, the necessary clauses to be added, and the effects of the stipulation when the principal appeals after the procurator's defeat or demands the money without ratifying.

[IDEM libro duodecimo responsorum. ] §46.8.3.prCum minor uiginti quinque annis creditor pecuniam reciperare uellet, interpositus procurator debitori de rato habendo cauit: restitutione in integrum data neque indebiti condictionem neque stipulationem committi constabat.
[THE SAME, Opinions, Book XII.] When a creditor under twenty-five years of age wished to recover money, an intervening procurator gave security to the debtor for ratification: it was clear that if restitution in integrum were granted, neither an action for the recovery of money not due (condictio indebiti) nor the stipulation would be brought into operation.
idemque eueniret, si falsi procuratoris actum minor annis ratum habuerit.
And the same would happen if the minor under age should ratify the act of an unauthorized procurator.
et ideo ita cauendum erit praecedente mandato: 'si ille in integrum restitutus fuerit heresue eius aut is, ad quem ea res, qua de agitur, pertinebit, quanti ea res erit, tantam pecuniam dari'. mandato uero non interueniente uulgaribus uerbis de rato habendo haec quoque prudentius inter consentientes adstruentur: alioquin si non conueniat nec creditor minus consentiat, actionem dari oportebit.
Therefore, where a mandate has preceded, security must be given as follows: "if he, or his heir, or the person to whom the matter in question shall belong, should be restored in integrum, such an amount of money shall be paid as the matter shall be worth." But if no mandate has intervened, these terms also will be added more prudently among the consenting parties to the ordinary words for ratification; otherwise, if there is no agreement and the creditor does not consent, an action must be granted.
§46.8.3.1Falsus procurator de rato habendo cauit atque ita dominus a sententia iudicis procuratore uicto prouocauit: stipulationis defecisse condicionem apparuit, cum ad auxilium commune superatus confugisset.
An unauthorized procurator gave security for ratification, and then the principal appealed from the judgment of the judge after the procurator was defeated: it appeared that the condition of the stipulation had failed, since the defeated party had fled to the common remedy.
quod si dominus, qui ratum non habuit, pecuniam exegerit, stipulatio de rato committetur in eam pecuniam, quam dominus accepit, quamuis nihil procurator acceperit.
But if the principal, who did not ratify, should exact the money, the stipulation for ratification will be brought into operation for that money which the principal received, although the procurator received nothing.

Notes

  1. 46.8.3.prrestitutione in integrum data neque indebiti condictionem neque stipulationem committi constabat — The accusative with infinitive clause "neque... neque... committi" (that neither... nor... is brought into operation) serves as the subject of the impersonal verb "constabat" (it was clear). "restitutione in integrum data" is an ablative absolute.
  2. 46.8.3.pridemque eueniret — "eueniret" is in the subjunctive imperfect, forming the apodosis with the conditional clause "si... ratum habuerit" (subjunctive perfect), representing the potential or hypothetical consequence of a past or present event.
  3. 46.8.3.prquanti ea res erit, tantam pecuniam dari — "dari" is an accusative with infinitive, defining the content of the obligation expressed by the impersonal "cauendum erit" (security must be given). "quanti" is a genitive of value, correlating with "tantam".
  4. 46.8.3.1stipulationis defecisse condicionem apparuit — The accusative with infinitive clause "stipulationis... condicionem defecisse" (that the condition of the stipulation had failed) functions as the subject of the verb "apparuit" (it appeared). "stipulationis" is a genitive modifying "condicionem".
  5. 46.8.3.1cum ad auxilium commune superatus confugisset — "cum" is a conjunction expressing cause. "superatus" is the perfect passive participle used substantively to mean "the defeated party", acting as the subject. "auxilium commune" (common remedy) here refers to the appeal (prouocatio).

Cite this passage

Justinian I, The Digest of Justinian §46.8.3.pr-46.8.3.1. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:latinLit:phi2806.phi002.humanitext-lat1:46.8.3.pr-46.8.3.1

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