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Justinian I · The Digest of Justinian §46.8.23.pr

Unauthorized Claims and Surety Liability of an Agent

Passage 7854 of 9271 · Latin

Summary

The passage discusses whether the sureties of a first agent are liable when, after giving security against further claims, another person without actual authority claims the same money; Julian decides that the sureties are not obligated because the second claimant lacks any valid right of action.

[IDEM libro quinto ex Minicio. ] §46.8.23.prProcurator cum peteret pecuniam, satisdedit amplius non peti: post iudicium acceptum extitit, qui et ipse procuratorio nomine eandem pecuniam peteret: quaesitum est, cum is, qui postea peteret, procurator non esset et propter hoc exceptionibus procuratoriis excludi posset, num fideiussores prioris procuratoris tenerentur.
[THE SAME, Book V on Minicius.] When an agent claimed money, he gave security that no further claim would be made. After the joinder of issue, someone appeared who also claimed the same money in the capacity of an agent. The question was raised whether, since the person who subsequently made the claim was not an agent and could therefore be barred by the pleas concerning agency, the sureties of the first agent would be liable.
Iulianus respondit: uerius est non obligari fideiussores: nam in stipulatione cauetur non petiturum eum, cuius de ea re actio petitio persecutio sit, et ratum habituros omnes, ad quos ea res pertinebit: hic autem, qui procurator non est, nec actionem nec petitionem habere intellegendus est.
Julian replied: it is more correct that the sureties are not obligated; for in the stipulation it is provided that he will not sue who has the action, claim, or prosecution in the matter, and that all those to whom the matter pertains will ratify it. However, this person, who is not an agent, must be understood to have neither an action nor a claim.

Notes

  1. §46.8.23.prsatisdedit amplius non peti — The verb satisdare (to give sufficient security) is followed by an accusative and infinitive construction featuring the present passive infinitive peti (to be claimed), which refers to the informal agreement against double petition (de amplius non petendo). The adverb amplius means 'further' or 'moreover'.
  2. §46.8.23.prcuius de ea re actio petitio persecutio sit — The genitive of the relative pronoun cuius is a possessive genitive referring back to the antecedent eum, indicating the person who possesses the rights. The terms actio (action), petitio (claim), and persecutio (prosecution) are formulaic expressions covering all categories of legal redress in Roman law.

Cite this passage

Justinian I, The Digest of Justinian §46.8.23.pr. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:latinLit:phi2806.phi002.humanitext-lat1:46.8.23.pr

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