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Justinian I · The Digest of Justinian §46.8.16.pr-46.8.16.1

Undue Payment to Agent and Breach through Principal's Sale

Passage 7847 of 9271 · Latin

Summary

Discusses the request for ratification and the attribution of claims for return when an undue payment is made to an agent, and the forfeiture of the stipulation when the principal sells the land after the agent guaranteed ratification.

[POMPONIUS libro tertio ex Plautio. ] §46.8.16.prSi indebitum procuratori solutum sit, agi statim ex hac stipulatione aduersus procuratorem potest, ut ratum habeat dominus, ut possit dinosci, utrumne domino condici debeat id quod indebitum solutum sit, si is ratum habeat, an uero procuratori condicendum sit, si dominus ratum non habeat.
[POMPONIUS, On Plautius, Book III] If what is not due has been paid to an agent, an action can be brought immediately against the agent on this stipulation so that the principal may ratify it, in order that it can be distinguished whether the return of what was paid when not due should be claimed from the principal, if he ratifies it, or whether indeed the claim should be made against the agent, if the principal does not ratify it.
§46.8.16.1Si procurator fundum petisset et cauisset, uti adsolet, ratam rem dominum habiturum, deinde dominus postea eundem fundum uendidisset eumque emptor peteret, stipulationem ratam rem haberi committi Iulianus scribit.
If an agent had claimed a tract of land and had given security, as is customary, that the principal would ratify the matter, and then the principal afterwards sold the same land and the buyer claimed it, Julian writes that the stipulation for ratification is forfeited.

Notes

  1. §46.8.16.prut ratum habeat dominus, ut possit dinosci — Two 'ut' clauses appear in succession. The first clause ('ut ratum habeat dominus') expresses the immediate purpose of bringing the action against the agent ('so that the principal may ratify it'), while the second clause ('ut possit dinosci') expresses the ultimate purpose of this legal procedure ('in order that it can be distinguished' from whom the return of the undue payment should be claimed depending on the ratification).
  2. §46.8.16.1stipulationem ratam rem haberi committi — An accusative and infinitive construction acting as the object of 'scribit'. 'stipulationem' is the subject accusative of the infinitive 'committi', and the phrase 'ratam rem haberi' (that the matter is ratified) stands in apposition to or defines the content of the 'stipulatio'. Thus, it means 'that the stipulation for ratification is forfeited'.

Cite this passage

Justinian I, The Digest of Justinian §46.8.16.pr-46.8.16.1. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:latinLit:phi2806.phi002.humanitext-lat1:46.8.16.pr-46.8.16.1

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