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Justinian I · The Digest of Justinian §46.2.32.pr

Novation of Two Distinct Debts by Alternative Stipulation

Passage 7653 of 9271 · Latin

Summary

This text discusses how two independent obligations are both novated when a new stipulation is made with one of the debtors using alternative language ("what you or Seius ought to give") for the purpose of novation.

[PAULUS libro primo ad Neratium. ] §46.2.32.prTe hominem et Seium decem mihi dare oportet: stipulor ab altero nouandi causa ita: 'quod te aut Seium dare oportet': utrumque nouatur.
[PAULUS, On Neratius, Book 1.] You ought to give me a slave, and Seius ten; I stipulate from one of them for the purpose of novation as follows: "What you or Seius ought to give." Both obligations are novated.
PAULUS: merito, quia utrumque in posteriorem deducitur stipulationem.
PAULUS: Rightly so, because both are brought into the later stipulation.

Notes

  1. 46.2.32.prTe hominem et Seium decem mihi dare oportet — The impersonal verb `oportet` governs two coordinated accusative-and-infinitive clauses, `Te [dare] hominem` ("that you give a slave") and `Seium [dare] decem` ("that Seius give ten"). This indicates that two independent obligations by different debtors exist toward the creditor (`mihi`), rather than a joint liability.
  2. 46.2.32.prin posteriorem deducitur stipulationem — The preposition `in` with the accusative, combined with the verb `deducitur`, forms a legal idiom meaning "to bring into (as the subject of a contract)." The adjective `posteriorem` and the noun `stipulationem` are separated by the passive verb `deducitur` (hyperbaton).

Cite this passage

Justinian I, The Digest of Justinian §46.2.32.pr. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:latinLit:phi2806.phi002.humanitext-lat1:46.2.32.pr

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