Humanitext Reader

Justinian I · The Digest of Justinian §45.3.13.pr

Stipulation for Master or Stranger and Invalidity from Equivalence

Passage 7521 of 9271 · Latin

Summary

Discusses the validity of a slave's stipulation for his master or a stranger, and how an indistinguishable equivalence invalidates both the stipulation and the payment.

[ULPIANUS libro quadragensimo octauo ad Sabinum. ] §45.3.13.prCum enim stipulatur domino aut extraneo seruus, utrumque consistet et in domini persona stipulatio et in extranei solutio: at hic τὸ ἰσάζον corrumpit stipulationem et solutionem.
[ULPIAN, from the forty-eighth book on Sabinus.] For when a slave stipulates "for his master or for a stranger", both will stand, namely, the stipulation in the person of the master and the payment in the person of the stranger; but here the equivalence ruins both the stipulation and the payment.

Notes

  1. §45.3.13.prτὸ ἰσάζον — The Greek neuter singular present participle (from ἰσάζω, 'to make equal') used substantively. Here it refers to the state of 'equivalence' or 'undistinguished balance' described in the preceding section (§45.3.12.pr), where both parties have the capacity to hold an obligation, making it impossible to distinguish the main creditor from the adiectus (the person added for payment). The Latin 'hic' is an adverb ('here' or 'in this case') and does not modify the neuter phrase.
  2. §45.3.13.prutrumque consistet — The verb 'consistet' is the future tense of the third-conjugation verb 'consistere' (or potentially a spelling variant of the perfect 'consistit'), meaning 'to stand' or 'to hold good'. The subject 'utrumque' (both things) is explained by the following 'et ... et ...' (both the stipulation in the person of the master and the payment in the person of the stranger).

Cite this passage

Justinian I, The Digest of Justinian §45.3.13.pr. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:latinLit:phi2806.phi002.humanitext-lat1:45.3.13.pr

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