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Justinian I · The Digest of Justinian §45.2.19.pr

Effect of Capitis Deminutio of One Co-Debtor

Passage 7508 of 9271 · Latin

Summary

Discusses that if one co-debtor is exempted from an obligation by capitis deminutio, the other is not released, explaining that the liability of a surety remains because there is a distinction between the release of a person and the discharge of the debt itself.

[IDEM libro trigensimo septimo ad Quintum Mucium. ] §45.2.19.prCum duo eandem pecuniam debent, si unus capitis deminutione exemptus est obligatione, alter non liberatur.
[THE SAME, in the thirty-seventh book on Quintus Mucius.] When two owe the same money, if one is exempted from the obligation by capitis deminutio, the other is not released.
multum enim interest, utrum res ipsa soluatur an persona liberetur.
For there is a great difference whether the thing itself is paid or the person is released.
cum persona liberatur manente obligatione, alter durat obligatus: et ideo si aqua et igni interdictum est, alicuius fideiussor postea ab eo datus tenetur.
When a person is released while the obligation remains, the other continues bound; and therefore, if someone has been interdicted from water and fire, a surety subsequently given by him is held liable.

Notes

  1. §45.2.19.prcapitis deminutione exemptus est obligatione — Two ablatives modifying or accompanying "exemptus est". "capitis deminutione" is an ablative of cause or means ("by capitis deminutio"), while "obligatione" is an ablative of separation ("from the obligation").
  2. §45.2.19.prmanente obligatione — An ablative absolute construction consisting of the present participle "manente" and the noun "obligatione", expressing an attendant circumstance or condition: "while the obligation remains".
  3. §45.2.19.praqua et igni interdictum est — An impersonal passive construction of the idiomatic expression "aqua et igni interdicere" (to interdict from water and fire, i.e., to exile with loss of citizenship). It means "if someone has been interdicted...", and the subsequent "ab eo" (by him) refers to the implied subject of this impersonal phrase (the person exiled).

Cite this passage

Justinian I, The Digest of Justinian §45.2.19.pr. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:latinLit:phi2806.phi002.humanitext-lat1:45.2.19.pr

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