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Justinian I · The Digest of Justinian §45.1.98.pr-45.1.98.1

Conditional Stipulations on Rights of Way and Actions to Shore Buildings

Passage 7445 of 9271 · Latin

Summary

Discusses the validity and extinction of conditional stipulations concerning one's own property or a right of way over another's land, and determines when an action arises from a stipulation to shore up a building.

[MARCELLUS libro uicensimo digestorum. ] §45.1.98.prExistimo posse id quod meum est sub condicione stipulari, item uiam stipulari ad fundum posse, quamquam interim fundus non sit meus: aut, si hoc uerum non est et alienum fundum sub condicione stipulatus fuero isque ex lucratiua causa meus esse coeperit, confestim peremeretur stipulatio, et si fundi dominus sub condicione uiam stipulatus fuerit, statim fundo alienato evanescit stipulatio, et maxime secundum illorum opinionem, qui etiam ea, quae recte constituerunt, resolui putant, cum in eum casum recciderunt, a quo non potuissent consistere.
[MARCELLUS, book twenty of the Digest] I think that it is possible to stipulate under a condition for that which is mine, and likewise to stipulate for a right of way to a land, although in the meantime the land may not be mine: or, if this is not true, and I have stipulated under a condition for another's land and it has begun to be mine by a lucrative title, the stipulation would be immediately extinguished; and if the owner of a land has stipulated under a condition for a right of way, the stipulation vanishes immediately upon the alienation of the land, and especially according to the opinion of those who think that even those things which have been validly established are resolved when they have fallen back into that state from which they could not have been established.
§45.1.98.1Ex hac stipulatione: 'insulam fulciri spondes?' quando nascatur actio, quaeritur.
It is asked when an action arises from this stipulation: 'Do you promise that the insula be shored up?'.
et utique non est exspectandum, ut ruat: nec enim nihil stipulatoris interest fultam potius esse, quam non esse: nec tamen recte agetur, si nondum praeterierit temporis tantum, quo fulcire potuerit redemptor.
And certainly one must not wait for it to collapse: for indeed it is not of no interest to the stipulator that it be shored up rather than not; however, an action will not be brought rightfully if so much time has not yet passed within which the contractor could have shored it up.

Notes

  1. §45.1.98.prperemeretur — The imperfect subjunctive is used in the apodosis corresponding to the protasis `si ... fuero` (future perfect), expressing a hypothetical consequence.
  2. §45.1.98.pra quo non potuissent consistere — The relative pronoun `quo` in `a quo` refers to the antecedent `eum casum`, meaning 'from which state'. The pluperfect subjunctive `potuissent` expresses a past potentiality ('could not have established').
  3. §45.1.98.1nec enim nihil stipulatoris interest — The double negation of `nec` and `nihil` expresses a strong affirmation (that it is of great interest). The person concerned, `stipulatoris` (the stipulator), is in the genitive as governed by the impersonal verb `interest`.

Cite this passage

Justinian I, The Digest of Justinian §45.1.98.pr-45.1.98.1. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:latinLit:phi2806.phi002.humanitext-lat1:45.1.98.pr-45.1.98.1

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