[ULPIANUS libro septuagensimo ad edictum. ] §43.20.1.prAit praetor: 'Uti hoc anno aquam, qua de agitur, non ui non clam non precario ab illo duxisti, quo minus ita ducas, uim fieri ueto'.
[ULPIANUS from the seventieth book on the Edict.] The praetor says: 'As you have drawn the water, which is in question, in this year, neither by force, nor secretly, nor by permission from him, I forbid force to be used to prevent you from drawing it in this manner.' This interdict is prohibitory, and sometimes restoratory, and it relates to daily water.
§43.20.1.1Hoc interdictum prohibitorium et interdum restitutorium est et pertinet ad aquam cottidianam. §43.20.1.2Cottidiana autem aqua non illa est, quae cottidie ducitur, sed ea, qua quis cottidie possit uti, si uellet: quamquam cottidianam interdum hieme ducere non expediat, etsi possit duci.
Now daily water is not that which is drawn daily, but that which someone could use daily if he wished; although it may sometimes not be expedient to draw daily water in winter, even if it could be drawn.
§43.20.1.3Duo autem genera sunt aquarum: est cottidiana, est et aestiua.
Moreover, there are two kinds of water: there is daily water, and there is also summer water.
cottidiana ab aestiua usu differt, non iure.
Daily water differs from summer water in its use, not in its right.
cottidiana ea est, quae duci adsidue solet uel aestiuo tempore uel hiberno, etiamsi aliquando ducta non est: ea quoque dicitur cottidiana, cuius seruitus intermissione temporis diuisa est.
Daily water is that which is accustomed to be drawn continuously either in the summer or in the winter, even if at some time it was not drawn; that water is also called daily, the servitude of which is divided by intervals of time.
aestiua autem ea est, qua aestate sola uti expedit, sicuti dicimus uestimenta aestiua, saltus aestiuos, castra aestiua, quibus interdum etiam hieme, plerumque autem aestate utamur.
Summer water, on the other hand, is that which it is expedient to use only in summer, just as we speak of summer garments, summer pastures, summer camps, which we use sometimes also in winter, but mostly in summer.
ego puto probandum ex proposito utentis et ex natura locorum aquam aestiuam a cottidiana discerni: nam si sit ea aqua, quae perpetuo duci possit, ego tamen aestate sola ea utar, dicendum est hanc aquam esse aestiuam: rursum si ea sit aqua, quae non nisi aestate duci possit, aestiua dicetur: et si ea sint loca, quae natura non admittant aquam nisi aestate, dicendum erit recte aestiuam dici.
I think it should be approved that summer water is distinguished from daily water by the purpose of the user and by the nature of the places; for if it is water that can be drawn perpetually, but I nevertheless use it only in summer, it must be said that this water is summer water; conversely, if it is water that cannot be drawn except in summer, it will be called summer water; and if those are places which by nature do not admit water except in summer, it must be said that it is rightly called summer water.
§43.20.1.4Quod autem scriptum est in interdicto: 'uti hoc anno aquam duxisti' hoc est: non cottidie, sed hoc anno uel una die uel nocte.
As to what is written in the interdict: 'as you have drawn water in this year', this means: not daily, but in this year, either on a single day or a single night.
ergo cottidiana quidem aqua alia est, quae cottidie duci possit, uel hieme uel aestate, etsi aliquo momento temporis ducta sit, aestiua ea, quae cottidie quidem duci possit, uel sola aestate, ducatur autem aestate tantum, non et hieme, non quia non possit et hieme, sed quia non solet.
Therefore, daily water indeed is another water, which can be drawn daily, either in winter or in summer, even if it was drawn at some brief moment of time; summer water is that which indeed can be drawn daily, or only in summer, but is drawn in summer only, and not also in winter, not because it cannot be drawn also in winter, but because it is not customary to do so.
§43.20.1.5Loquitur autem praetor in hoc interdicto de ea aqua sola, quae perennis est: nulla enim alia aqua duci potest, nisi quae perennis est.
Now the praetor speaks in this interdict of that water alone which is perennial; for no other water can be drawn except that which is perennial.
§43.20.1.6Quamquam ad perennes aquas dixerimus hoc interdictum pertinere, ad eas tamen perennes pertinet, quae duci possunt.
Although we have said that this interdict relates to perennial waters, yet it relates to those perennial waters which can be drawn.
ceterum sunt quaedam, quae, etsi perennes sunt, duci tamen non possunt, ut puta puteales et quae ita sunt summersae, ut defluere extra terram et usui esse non possint.
But there are some which, even if they are perennial, nevertheless cannot be drawn, as for example well water, and those which are so deep underground that they cannot flow out above the land and be of use.
sed huiusmodi aquis, quae duci non possint, haustus seruitus imponi potest.
But for waters of this kind, which cannot be drawn, a servitude of drawing water can be imposed.
§43.20.1.7Haec interdicta de aqua, item de fonte ad eam aquam pertinere uidentur, quae a capite ducitur, non aliunde: harum enim aquarum etiam seruitus iure ciuili constitui potest.
These interdicts concerning water, as well as those concerning a spring, seem to relate to that water which is drawn from the source, and not from elsewhere; for a servitude can be established by civil law over these waters too.
§43.20.1.8Caput aquae illud est, unde aqua nascitur: si ex fonte nascatur, ipse fons: si ex flumine uel lacu, prima incilia uel principia fossarum, quibus aquae ex flumine uel ex lacu in primum riuum compelli solent.
The source of water is that from which the water arises: if it arises from a spring, the spring itself; if from a river or a lake, the first inlets or the beginnings of canals, by which the waters are accustomed to be driven from the river or the lake into the first channel.
plane si aqua sudoribus manando in aliquem primum locum effluere atque ibi apparere incipit, eius hoc caput dicemus, ubi primum emergit.
Clearly, if water begins to flow out and appear in some first place by oozing, we shall say that this is its source, where it first emerges.
§43.20.1.9Et qualiter sit constitutum ius aquae, dicendum est hoc interdictum locum habere.
And in whatever manner the right to the water has been established, it must be said that this interdict has application.
§43.20.1.10Sed etsi iure aqua non debetur alicui, si tamen iure ducere se putauit, cum non in iure, sed in facto errauit, dicendum est eoque iure utimur, ut interdicto hoc uti possit: sufficit enim, si iure se ducere putauit nec ui nec clam nec precario duxit.
But even if by law water is not owed to someone, yet if he thought that he drew it by right, since he erred not in law but in fact, it must be said, and we follow this rule of law, that he can use this interdict; for it is sufficient if he thought he drew it by right and drew it neither by force, nor secretly, nor by permission.
§43.20.1.11Illud quaeritur, utrum ea tantum aqua his interdictis contineatur, quae ad agrum irrigandum pertinet, an uero omnis, etiam ea, quae ad usum quoque et commodum nostrum.
This is questioned: whether only that water is contained in these interdicts which relates to irrigating a field, or indeed all water, even that which also relates to our use and convenience.
et hoc iure utimur, ut haec quoque contineatur.
And we follow this rule of law, that this also is contained.
propter quod etiam si in urbana praedia quis aquam ducere uelit, hoc interdictum locum habere potest.
By reason of which, even if someone wishes to draw water into urban estates, this interdict can have application.
§43.20.1.12Praeterea Labeo scribit, etsi quidam ductus aquarum non sit fundi, quia quocumque duci possint, tamen ad hoc interdictum pertinere.
Furthermore, Labeo writes that even if a certain drawing of water does not belong to a tract of land, because they can be drawn to any place whatsoever, it nevertheless relates to this interdict.