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Justinian I · The Digest of Justinian §42.1.45.pr-42.1.45.2

Cancelling Records, Altering Penalties, and Judgments on Minors

Passage 6897 of 9271 · Latin

Summary

It rules on the requirements for cancelling records on the same day with the parties' consent, forbids changing the punishment of the condemned after judgment without imperial authority, and prohibits pronouncing judgment against undefended minors without representatives.

[PAULUS libro primo sententiarum. ] §42.1.45.prActa apud se habita, si partes consentiant et iudex hoc permiserit, potest iubere ea die circumduci, nisi uel negotium uel lis terminata est.
[PAULUS, in the first book of Opinions.] With regard to the records held before him, if the parties consent and the judge permits this, he can order them to be cancelled on that day, unless either the business or the lawsuit has been terminated.
§42.1.45.1De amplianda uel minuenda poena damnatorum post sententiam dictam sine principali auctoritate nihil est statuendum.
After sentence has been pronounced, nothing must be decided concerning the increasing or reducing of the punishment of those condemned without imperial authority.
§42.1.45.2Contra indefensos minores tutorem uel curatorem non habentes nulla sententia proferenda est.
No judgment must be pronounced against undefended minors who do not have a tutor or a curator.

Notes

  1. §42.1.45.prActa apud se habita — The word 'Acta' at the beginning of the sentence functions as the accusative subject of the passive infinitive 'circumduci', presented in a prominent thematic position. 'apud se habita' means 'held before him', where the reflexive pronoun 'se' refers to the judge, who is the implied subject of the main clause.
  2. §42.1.45.prcircumduci — Present passive infinitive of the verb 'circumducere' (to draw a line around, cancel, invalidate), referring to the legal procedure of annulling the records by order of the judge.
  3. §42.1.45.1post sententiam dictam — A construction where the preposition 'post' governs the noun and participle in the accusative ('sententiam dictam'), meaning 'after sentence has been pronounced' to express time.
  4. §42.1.45.2Contra indefensos minores — The preposition 'contra' governs the accusative 'indefensos minores'. The adjective 'indefensos' (undefended) is further explained by the following participial phrase 'tutorem uel curatorem non habentes' (not having a tutor or curator), indicating the lack of legal representation in court.

Cite this passage

Justinian I, The Digest of Justinian §42.1.45.pr-42.1.45.2. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:latinLit:phi2806.phi002.humanitext-lat1:42.1.45.pr-42.1.45.2

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