[IDEM libro septuagensimo secundo ad edictum. ] §41.2.13.prPomponius refert, cum lapides in Tiberim demersi essent naufragio et post tempus extracti, an dominium in integro fuit per id tempus, quo erant mersi.
[THE SAME, in the seventy-second book on the Edict.] Pomponius reports that when stones were submerged in the Tiber by a shipwreck and after some time recovered, whether ownership remained unimpaired during the time they were submerged.
ego dominium me retinere puto, possessionem non puto, nec est simile fugitiuo: namque fugitiuus idcirco a nobis possideri uidetur, ne ipse nos priuet possessione: at in lapidibus diuersum est.
I think that I retain ownership, but I do not think I retain possession; nor is this case similar to that of a runaway slave: for a runaway slave is deemed to be possessed by us for this reason, lest he himself deprive us of possession; but in the case of the stones, the situation is different.
§41.2.13.1Cum quis utitur adminiculo ex persona auctoris, uti debet cum sua causa suisque uitiis: denique addimus in accessione de ui et clam et precario uenditoris.
When anyone uses the assistance from the person of his predecessor, he must use it with its own cause and its own defects: finally, we add in the accession of the seller's violence, clandestinity, and precarium.
§41.2.13.2Praeterea quaeritur, si quis hominem uenditori redhibuerit, an accessione uti possit ex persona eius.
Furthermore, the question is asked: if anyone has returned a slave to the seller, whether he can use the accession from his person.
et sunt qui putent non posse, quia uenditionis est resolutio redhibitio: alii emptorem uenditoris accessione usurum et uenditorem emptoris, quod magis probandum puto.
And there are those who think he cannot, because redhibition is the dissolution of the sale; others think that the buyer will use the accession of the seller, and the seller that of the buyer, which I think is more to be approved.
§41.2.13.3Si liber homo uel alienus seruus, cum bona fide seruirent, comparauerint et alii adquisierint possessionem, neque liberum neque serui dominum debere uti accessione.
If a free man or another's slave, while serving in good faith, have acquired a thing and transferred possession to another, neither the free man nor the slave's owner ought to use the accession.
§41.2.13.4Quaesitum est, si heres prius non possederat, an testatoris possessio ei accedat.
It was asked: if the heir had not possessed previously, whether the possession of the testator is added to him.
et quidem in emptoribus possessio interrumpitur, sed non idem in heredibus plerique probant, quoniam plenius est ius successionis quam emptionis: sed suptilius est quod in emptorem, et in heredem id quoque probari.
And indeed, in the case of buyers, possession is interrupted, but most do not approve the same in the case of heirs, since the right of succession is fuller than that of purchase; but it is more precise that what is approved in the case of a buyer should also be approved in the case of an heir.
§41.2.13.5Non autem ea tantum possessio testatoris heredi procedit, quae morti fuit iniuncta, uerum ea quoque, quae umquam testatoris fuerit.
However, not only that possession of the testator which was connected with his death passes to the heir, but also any possession which ever belonged to the testator.
§41.2.13.6In dote quoque si data res fuerit uel ex dote recepta, accessio dabitur uel marito uel uxori.
Also in the case of a dowry, if a thing has been given or recovered from the dowry, the accession will be given either to the husband or to the wife.
§41.2.13.7Si is, qui precario concessit, accessione uelit uti ex persona eius cui concessit, an possit, quaeritur.
If he who has granted a precarium wishes to use the accession from the person of him to whom he granted it, the question is whether he can.
ego puto eum, qui precario concessit, quamdiu manet precarium, accessione uti non posse: si tamen receperit possessionem rupto precario, dicendum esse accedere possessionem eius temporis, quo precario possidebatur.
I think that he who granted a precarium, as long as the precarium lasts, cannot use the accession; if, however, he has recovered possession after the precarium was terminated, it must be said that the possession of that time during which it was possessed by precarium is added.
§41.2.13.8Ex facto quaeritur, si quis manumissus ex causa peculiari habeat rem non concesso sibi peculio, deinde dominus uelit retracta possessione accessione uti, an possit.
On the facts, the question is asked: if anyone, having been manumitted, should have a thing on account of his peculium without the peculium having been granted to him, and then the owner, having taken back possession, wishes to use the accession, whether he can.
et placuit non esse dandam hanc accessionem, quae clam habita est.
And it was held that this accession, which was held secretly, should not be given.
§41.2.13.9Praedone possidente si iussu iudicis res mihi restituta sit, accessionem esse mihi dandam placuit.
If, while a plunderer was possessing, the thing was restored to me by order of a judge, it was held that the accession should be given to me.
§41.2.13.10Sed et legatario dandam accessionem eius temporis, quo fuit apud testatorem, sciendum est.
But it must also be known that the accession of the time when the thing was with the testator should be given to the legatee.
an heredis possessio ei accedat, uideamus: et puto, siue pure siue sub condicione fuerit relictum, dicendum esse id temporis, quo heres possedit ante existentem condicionem uel restitutionem rei, legatario proficere.
Let us see whether the possession of the heir is added to him; and I think that, whether the legacy was left unconditionally or under a condition, it must be said that the time during which the heir possessed before the fulfillment of the condition or the restitution of the thing benefits the legatee.
testatoris autem semper proderit legatario, si legatum uere fuit uel fideicommissum.
However, the testator's possession will always benefit the legatee, if it was truly a legacy or a fideicommissum.
§41.2.13.11Sed et is, cui res donata est, accessione utetur ex persona eius qui donauit.
But also he to whom a thing has been donated will use the accession from the person of him who donated it.
§41.2.13.12Accessiones in eorum persona locum habent, qui habent propriam possessionem: ceterum accessio nemini proficit, nisi ei qui ipse possedit.
Accessions have place in the person of those who have their own possession; moreover, accession benefits no one except him who himself has possessed.
§41.2.13.13Praeterea ne uitiosae quidem possessioni ulla potest accedere: sed nec uitiosa ei, quae uitiosa non est.
Furthermore, no accession can be made to a defective possession; but neither can a defective possession be added to one which is not defective.