[ULPIANUS libro uicensimo septimo ad Sabinum. ] §40.7.6.prSi statulibera serua poenae facta sit et post damnationem statutae libertatis condicio exstiterit, quamuis ipsi statuliberae nihil proficiat, partui tamen proficere oportet, ut perinde liber nascatur, atque si mater damnata non esset.
[ULPIANUS libro uicensimo septimo ad Sabinum.]\n\nIf a female statuliber has been made a penal slave, and after her condemnation the condition of her stipulated freedom is fulfilled, although it is of no benefit to the statulibera herself, it ought nevertheless to benefit her offspring, so that the child may be born free, just as if the mother had not been condemned.\n\nBut what if a woman conceives while in slavery, and then, having been captured by enemies, gives birth there after the fulfillment of the condition; does she give birth to a free child?
§40.7.6.1Quid tamen si qua conceperit in seruitute, deinde ab hostibus capta peperit ibi post existentem condicionem, an liberum pariat? et interim quidem quin seruus hostium sit, nequaquam dubium est: sed uerius est postliminio eum liberum fieri, quia, si mater in ciuitate esset, liber nasceretur. §40.7.6.2Plane si apud hostes eum concepisset et post existentem condicionem edidisset, benignius dicetur competere ei postliminium et liberum eum esse. §40.7.6.3Statuliber parendo condicioni in persona emptoris peruenit ad libertatem: et sciendum hoc ad statuliberos omnis sexus pertinere.
And indeed in the meantime, there is no doubt at all that the child is a slave of the enemies; but it is more correct that he becomes free by postliminium, because if the mother had been in the state, the child would have been born free.\n\nClearly, if she had conceived him among the enemies and given birth after the fulfillment of the condition, it will be said more benignly that postliminium is available to him and that he is free.\n\nA statuliber arrives at freedom by performing the condition in the person of the buyer; and it must be known that this applies to statuliberi of every sex.
non solum autem si uenierit, haec condicio ad eum transit qui emit, uerum etiam ad omnes, quicumque quoquo iure dominium in statulibero nacti sunt.
Furthermore, not only if he is sold does this condition pass to the one who buys, but also to all who have acquired ownership over the statuliber by any right whatsoever.
siue igitur legatus sit tibi ab herede statuliber siue adiudicatus siue usucaptus a te siue traditus uel aliquo iure tuus factus, sine dubio dicemus parere condicioni in persona tua posse.
Whether, therefore, a statuliber is bequeathed to you by an heir, or adjudicated, or acquired by you through usucapion, or delivered, or made yours by some other right, we shall say without doubt that he can perform the condition in your person.
sed et in herede emptoris idem dicitur. §40.7.6.4Si filius familias heres sit institutus et statuliber filio dare iussus est et liber esse, siue filio siue patri dando peruenit ad libertatem, quia et ad patrem hereditatis emolumentum peruenit.
But the same is also said in the case of the heir of the buyer.\n\nIf a filius familias is appointed heir, and a statuliber is ordered to give to the son and be free, whether he gives to the son or to the father, he arrives at freedom, because the benefit of the inheritance also reaches the father.
sed et si post mortem filii patri dederit quasi heredis heredi, liber erit: nam et si quis extraneo dare iussus sit et liber esse, deinde hic heredi heres extiterit, non quasi in extranei persona, sed quasi in heredis condicioni parebit. §40.7.6.5Statuliber decem dare iussus et liber esse, si quinque datis distractus sit, residua quinque emptori dabit. §40.7.6.6Si seruus tuus statuliberum emerit, tibi datur, quod heredibus dare iussus est.
But also if after the death of the son he gives to the father as if to the heir of the heir, he will be free; for also if someone is ordered to give to an outsider and be free, and then this person becomes the heir to the heir, he will perform the condition not as if in the person of the outsider, but as if in the person of the heir.\n\nA statuliber ordered to give ten and be free, if he is sold after having given five, will give the remaining five to the buyer.\n\nIf your slave buys a statuliber, what he was ordered to give to the heirs is given to you.
sed et si tuo seruo dederit, si modo is eum peculiari nomine emit neque ei tu peculium ademisti, puto liberum fore, scilicet ut eo modo tibi dedisse intellegatur, perinde atque si tua uoluntate cuiuis alii tuorum seruorum dedisset. §40.7.6.7Si quis non dare decem et liber esse, sed rationibus redditis liber esse iussus sit, an ad emptorem haec condicio transeat, uideamus.
But also if he gives to your slave, provided that the slave bought him in the name of his peculium and you have not deprived him of his peculium, I think he will be free, namely, so that he is understood to have given to you in that manner, just as if he had given to any other of your slaves by your will.\n\nIf someone was ordered not to give ten and be free, but to render accounts and be free, let us see whether this condition passes to the buyer.
et alias sciendum est eas demum condiciones ad emptorem transire, quae sunt in dando: ceterum hae, quae sunt in faciendo, non transeunt, ut puta si filium eius litteras edocuerit: hae enim personis eorum cohaerent, quibus adscribuntur.
And on other occasions it must be known that only those conditions pass to the buyer which consist in giving; but those which consist in doing do not pass, as for instance if he should teach his son letters; for these cohere with the persons of those to whom they are assigned.
rationum autem reddendarum condicio, quod ad reliqua quidem attinet, in danda pecunia consistit, quod autem ad ipsa uolumina rationum tradenda percontandasque et examinandas rationes et in dispungendas atque excutiendas, factum habet.
But the condition of rendering accounts, so far as the balance is concerned, consists in giving money, but so far as delivering the account books themselves and examining and investigating the accounts, and auditing and checking them, it has the nature of doing.
num quid ergo reliqua quidem et emptori dando perueniat ad libertatem, cetera in persona heredis consistant? puto igitur et ad emptorem reliquorum solutionem transmitti: sic fiet, ut diuidatur condicio: et ita Pomponius libro octauo ex Sabino scripsit.
Should we therefore say that he arrives at freedom by giving the balance to the buyer, while the other matters remain in the person of the heir? I think, therefore, that the payment of the balance is also transferred to the buyer; thus it will happen that the condition is divided; and Pomponius wrote thus in his eighth book on Sabinus.