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Justinian I · The Digest of Justinian §40.5.49.pr

Orcinian Freedom and Actions upon the Concealment of Heirs

Passage 6462 of 9271 · Latin

Summary

Discusses the legal doctrine that a slave becomes an Orcinian freedman if the legatee or heir requested to manumit them conceals themselves, and the available actions among co-heirs.

[AFRICANUS libro nono quaestionum. ] §40.5.49.prSi is, cui seruus legatus est, rogatus manumittere latitet, orcinum fieri libertum respondit: idem fore et si non legatarii, sed heredis fidei commissum esset.
[AFRICANUS in the ninth book of Questions.] He answered that if a person to whom a slave has been bequeathed, having been requested to manumit him, conceals himself, the freedman becomes an Orcinian freedman; and that the same would hold even if the trust had been imposed not on the legatee, but on the heir.
sed et si non omnium, sed quorundam heredum fidei commissum sit, aeque dicendum orcinum fieri: in eos autem qui latitauerint coheredibus, a quibus redimendae partes essent, utilem actionem eo nomine dari debere uel etiam familiae erciscundae iudicio recte eos acturos.
But even if the trust is imposed not on all, but on some of the heirs, it must likewise be said that the slave becomes an Orcinian freedman; moreover, against those who have concealed themselves, a useful action ought to be granted on that account to the co-heirs from whom the shares were to be purchased, or they will also proceed rightly by the action for the partition of an inheritance.

Notes

  1. §40.5.49.prrespondit — Although the subject is not explicitly stated, Africanus' 'Questions' usually cites the opinions or answers of his teacher Julianus, meaning the logical subject here is understood to be Julianus.
  2. §40.5.49.prorcinum — Derived from Orcus, the god of the underworld, it refers to a slave manumitted directly by the deceased in a testament. Here, if a living legatee or heir fails their duty to manumit and conceals themselves, the slave is treated by legal fiction as having been directly freed.
  3. §40.5.49.pra quibus redimendae partes essent — Relative clause. The antecedent is the co-heirs (coheredibus). It describes a situation where only some of the heirs bore the duty of the trust (fideicommissum) and were supposed to purchase shares from the other co-heirs, and shows the relationship for compensating the disadvantage caused to those co-heirs who lost their shares because the obliged party concealed themselves.

Cite this passage

Justinian I, The Digest of Justinian §40.5.49.pr. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:latinLit:phi2806.phi002.humanitext-lat1:40.5.49.pr

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