[ULPIANUS libro quinquagensimo secundo ad edictum. ] §39.1.1.prHoc edicto promittitur, ut, siue iure siue iniuria opus fieret, per nuntiationem inhiberetur, deinde remitteretur prohibitio hactenus, quatenus prohibendi ius is qui nuntiasset non haberet. §39.1.1.1Hoc autem edictum remediumque operis noui nuntiationis aduersus futura opera inductum est, non aduersus praeterita, hoc est aduersus ea quae nondum facta sunt, ne fiant: nam si quid operis fuerit factum, quod fieri non debuit, cessat edictum de operis noui nuntiatione et erit transeundum ad interdictum quod ui aut clam factum erit ut restituatur, et 'quod in loco sacro religiosoue' et 'quod in flumine publico ripaue publica factum erit': nam bis interdictis restituetur, si quid illicite factum est. §39.1.1.2Nuntiatio ex hoc edicto non habet necessariam praetoris aditionem: potest enim nuntiare quis et si eum non adierit. §39.1.1.3Item nuntiationem et nostro et alieno nomine facere possumus. §39.1.1.4Item nuntiatio omnibus diebus fieri potest. §39.1.1.5Et aduersus absentes etiam et inuitos et ignorantes operis, noui nuntiatio procedit. §39.1.1.6In operis autem noui nuntiatione possessorem aduersarium facimus. §39.1.1.7Sed si is, cui opus nouum nuntiatum est, ante remissionem aedificauerit, deinde coeperit agere ius sibi esse ita aedificatum habere, praetor actionem ei negare debet et interdictum in eum de opere restituendo reddere. §39.1.1.8Potest autem quis nuntiare etiam ignorans, quid opus fieret. §39.1.1.9Et post operis noui nuntiationem committunt se litigatores praetoriae iurisdictioni. §39.1.1.10Inde quaeritur apud Celsum libro duodecimo digestorum, si post opus nouum nuntiatum conueniat tibi cum aduersario, ut opus faceres, an danda sit conuentionis exceptio? et ait Celsus dandam, nec esse periculum, ne pactio priuatorum iussui praetoris anteposita uideatur: quid enim aliud agebat praetor quam hoc, ut controuersias eorum dirimeret? a quibus si sponte recesserunt, debebit id ratum habere. §39.1.1.11Opus nouum facere uidetur, qui aut aedificando aut detrahendo aliquid pristinam faciem operis mutat. §39.1.1.12Hoc autem edictum non omnia opera complectitur, sed ea sola, quae solo coniuncta sunt, quorum aedificatio uel demolitio uidetur opus nouum continere.
[ULPIANUS in the fifty-second book on the Edict.]\n By this edict it is promised that, whether the work is done lawfully or unlawfully, it should be prohibited by denunciation, and then the prohibition should be released to the extent that the person who made the denunciation does not have the right of prohibition.\n Moreover, this edict and remedy of the denunciation of a new work was introduced against future works, not against past ones, that is, against those which have not yet been made, so that they may not be made: for if any work has been made which ought not to be made, the edict on the denunciation of a new work ceases to apply, and one must transition to the interdict "concerning what has been done by force or stealth" so that it may be restored, and "concerning what has been done in a sacred or religious place", and "concerning what has been done in a public river or on a public bank"; for by these interdicts, whatever has been unlawfully done will be restored.\n The denunciation under this edict does not necessarily require application to the praetor: for anyone can make a denunciation even if he has not applied to him.\n Likewise, we can make the denunciation both in our own name and in the name of another.\n Likewise, the denunciation can be made on all days.\n And the denunciation of a new work proceeds even against those who are absent, unwilling, or ignorant of the work.\n In the denunciation of a new work, however, we make the possessor our adversary.\n But if he to whom the new work was denounced should build before the release of the prohibition, and then begin to bring an action claiming that he has the right to keep it so built, the praetor ought to deny him the action and grant an interdict against him for the restoration of the work.\n Moreover, anyone can make a denunciation even if he is ignorant of what work is being done.\n And after the denunciation of a new work, the litigants commit themselves to the praetorian jurisdiction.\n Hence it is asked in Celsus, in the twelfth book of his Digests, if after the denunciation of a new work you reach an agreement with your adversary that you may do the work, whether the exception of the agreement ought to be granted? And Celsus says that it ought to be granted, and that there is no danger that the agreement of private individuals should seem to be preferred to the command of the praetor: for what else was the praetor doing than this, to settle their controversies? If they have voluntarily withdrawn from these, he ought to ratify it.\n He is deemed to make a new work who, either by building or by removing something, changes the former appearance of the work.\n Moreover, this edict does not embrace all works, but only those which are connected with the soil, the building or demolition of which is deemed to constitute a new work.
idcirco placuit, si quis messem faciat, arborem succidat, uineam putet, quamquam opus faciat, tamen ad hoc edictum non pertinere, quia ad ea opera, quae in solo fiunt, pertinet hoc edictum. §39.1.1.13Si quis aedificium uetus fulciat, an opus nouum nuntiare ei possumus, uideamus.
Therefore, it has been held that if anyone reaps a harvest, cuts down a tree, or prunes a vineyard, although he does a work, yet it does not belong to this edict, because this edict relates to those works which are done in the soil.\n If anyone props up an old building, let us consider whether we can denounce a new work to him.
et magis est, ne possimus: hic enim non opus nouum facit, sed ueteri sustinendo remedium adhibet. §39.1.1.14Siue autem intra oppida siue extra oppida in uillis uel agris opus nouum fiat, nuntiatio ex hoc edicto locum habet, siue in priuato siue in publico opus fiat. §39.1.1.15Nunc uideamus, quibus ex causis fiat nuntiatio et quae personae nuntient quibusque nuntietur et in quibus locis fiat nuntiatio et quis effectus sit nuntiationis. §39.1.1.16Nuntiatio fit aut iuris nostri conseruandi causa aut damni depellendi aut publici iuris tuendi gratia. §39.1.1.17Nuntiamus autem, quia ius aliquid prohibendi habemus: uel ut damni infecti caueatur nobis ab eo, qui forte in publico uel in priuato quid molitur: aut si quid contra leges edictaue principum, quae ad modum aedificiorum facta sunt, fiet, uel in sacro uel in loco religioso, uel in publico ripaue fluminis, quibus ex causis et interdicta proponuntur. §39.1.1.18Quod si quis in mare uel in litore aedificet, licet in suo non aedificet, iure tamen gentium suum facit: si quis igitur uelit ibi aedificantem prohibere, nullo iure prohibet, neque opus nouum nuntiare nisi ex una causa potest, si forte damni infecti uelit sibi caueri. §39.1.1.19Iuris nostri conseruandi aut damni depellendi causa opus nouum nuntiare potest is ad quem res pertinet. §39.1.1.20Usufructuarius autem opus nouum nuntiare suo nomine non potest, sed procuratorio nomine nuntiare poterit, aut uindicare usum fructum ab eo qui opus nouum faciat: quae uindicatio praestabit ei, quod eius interfuit opus nouum factum non esse.
And the better opinion is that we cannot: for he does not make a new work, but applies a remedy for supporting the old one.\n Moreover, whether a new work is made within towns or outside towns in villas or fields, denunciation under this edict has place, whether the work is done on private or public land.\n Now let us see for what causes denunciation is made, and what persons make the denunciation, and to whom it is made, and in what places denunciation is made, and what the effect of denunciation is.\n Denunciation is made either for the sake of preserving our right, or of averting damage, or for the sake of protecting public right.\n And we make denunciation because we have a right to prohibit something; or so that security against threatened damage may be given to us by one who happens to be undertaking something on public or private land; or if anything is done contrary to the laws or edicts of the emperors which have been made concerning the measure of buildings, or in a sacred or religious place, or in a public place or on the bank of a river, for which causes interdicts are also proposed.\n But if anyone builds in the sea or on the shore, although he does not build on his own land, yet by the law of nations he makes it his own; if anyone, therefore, wishes to prohibit one building there, he prohibits by no right, nor can he denounce a new work except for one cause, if perchance he wishes security against threatened damage to be given to him.\n He to whom the matter pertains can denounce a new work for the sake of preserving his right or of averting damage.\n But a usufructuary cannot denounce a new work in his own name, but he will be able to denounce it in the name of an agent, or vindicate the usufruct from him who makes the new work; which vindication will afford him his interest in the new work not having been made.