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Justinian I · The Digest of Justinian §38.10.3.pr-38.10.3.2

Relatives of the Sixth Degree and the Calculation Rule

Passage 6045 of 9271 · Latin

Summary

The text list various direct and collateral relatives of the sixth degree and explains the basic rule that the lineages of ancestors and descendants are always doubled when calculating degrees.

[GAIUS libro octauo ad edictum prouinciale. ] §38.10.3.prSexto gradu sunt supra triauus triauia. infra trinepos trineptis. ex transuerso fratris et sororis abnepos abneptis: et conuenienter abpatruus abamita (id est abaui frater et soror), abauunculus abmatertera (id est abauiae frater et soror): item patrui magni amitae magnae, auunculi magni materterae magnae nepos neptis: item fratris patruelis sororis patruelis, consobrini consobrinae, amitini amitinae nepos neptis: propatrui proamitae, proauunculi promaterterae filius filia.
At the sixth degree there are: in the ascending line, the triavus and triavia; in the descending line, the trinepos and trineptis; in the collateral line, the abnepos and abneptis of a brother and sister; and correspondingly, the abpatruus and abamita (that is, the brother and sister of the abavus), the abauunculus and abmatertera (that is, the brother and sister of the abavia); likewise, the nepos and neptis of a patruus magnus, amita magna, avunculus magnus, or matertera magna; likewise, the nepos and neptis of a frater patruelis, soror patruelis, consobrinus, consobrina, amitinus, or amitina; the filius and filia of a propatruus, proamita, proauunculus, or promatertera.
item qui ex fratribus patruelibus aut consobrinis aut amitinis undique propagantur, quae proprie sobrini uocantur.
Likewise, those who are propagated in any direction from fratres patrueles, consobrini, or amitini, who are properly called sobrini.
§38.10.3.1In septimo gradu quam multae esse possint personae, ex his quae diximus satis apparet.
How many persons there can be in the seventh degree is sufficiently clear from what we have said.
§38.10.3.2Admonendi tamen sumus parentium liberorumque personas semper duplari: auum enim et auiam tam maternos quam paternos intellegemus, item nepotes neptesque tam ex filio quam ex filia: quam rationem scilicet in omnibus deinceps gradibus supra infraque sequemur.
We must, however, be reminded that the persons of ancestors and descendants are always doubled; for we understand both maternal and paternal grandfather and grandmother, and likewise grandsons and granddaughters through both a son and a daughter; which rule, of course, we shall follow in all subsequent degrees, both above and below.

Notes

  1. §38.10.3.prquae proprie sobrini uocantur — The relative pronoun `quae` (neuter plural) refers to the individuals or the relationship described in the preceding clause headed by `qui` (masculine plural). Although the predicate noun `sobrini` is masculine plural, the pronoun is in the neuter plural, a common Latin grammatical usage to refer to a general category, concept, or the whole context rather than agreeing with the gender of the predicate.
  2. §38.10.3.2Admonendi tamen sumus parentium liberorumque personas semper duplari — The passive periphrastic construction `Admonendi sumus` ("we must be reminded"), which expresses necessity, is followed by an accusative with infinitive (ACI) construction `personas... duplari` containing the content of the warning ("that the persons of ancestors and descendants are always doubled"), where `personas` acts as the subject accusative of the infinitive `duplari`.
  3. §38.10.3.2quam rationem — The relative pronoun `quam` at the beginning of the clause functions as a relative connection (connectio relativa). Instead of introducing a subordinate clause, it refers back to the rule of doubling explained in the previous sentence, meaning "and this rule/reason."

Cite this passage

Justinian I, The Digest of Justinian §38.10.3.pr-38.10.3.2. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:latinLit:phi2806.phi002.humanitext-lat1:38.10.3.pr-38.10.3.2

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