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Justinian I · The Digest of Justinian §35.2.68.pr-35.2.68.1

Valuation of Usufruct and Maintenance by Age

Passage 5513 of 9271 · Latin

Summary

Macer records Ulpian's life expectancy table used for calculating the value of maintenance and usufructs under the Falcidian law, along with simplified customary practices, and discusses whether an heir forfeits the Falcidian right by falsely claiming estate property as his own.

[AEMILIUS MACER libro secundo ad legem uicesimam hereditatium. ] §35.2.68.prComputationi in alimentis faciendae hanc formam esse Ulpianus scribit, ut a prima aetate usque ad annum uicesimum quantitas alimentorum triginta annorum computetur eiusque quantitatis Falcidia praestetur, ab annis uero uiginti usque ad annum uicesimum quintum annorum uiginti octo, ab annis uiginti quinque usque ad annos triginta annorum uiginti quinque, ab annis triginta usque ad annos triginta quinque annorum uiginti duo, ab annis triginta quinque usque ad annos quadraginta annorum uiginti.
[AEMILIUS MACER, in the second book on the Lex vicesima hereditatium.] Ulpian writes that the formula for the calculation to be made regarding maintenance is as follows: from earliest age up to the twentieth year, the amount of maintenance for thirty years is to be calculated, and the Falcidian portion of that amount is to be provided; from twenty years up to the twenty-fifth year, for twenty-eight years; from twenty-five years up to thirty years, for twenty-five years; from thirty years up to thirty-five years, for twenty-two years; from thirty-five years up to forty years, for twenty years.
ab annis quadraginta usque ad annos quinquaginta tot annorum computatio fit, quot aetati eius ad annum sexagesimum deerit remisso uno anno: ab anno uero quinquagesimo usque ad annum quinquagesimum quintum annorum nouem, ab annis quinquaginta quinque usque ad annum sexagesimum annorum septem, ab annis sexaginta, cuiuscumque aetatis sit, annorum quinque.
From forty years up to fifty years, a calculation is made of as many years as are lacking from his age to the sixtieth year, subtracting one year; from the fiftieth year up to the fifty-fifth year, for nine years; from fifty-five years up to the sixtieth year, for seven years; from sixty years, whatever his age may be, for five years.
eoque nos iure uti Ulpianus ait et circa computationem usus fructus faciendam.
And Ulpian says that we also use this rule in making the calculation for a usufruct.
solitum est tamen a prima aetate usque ad annum trigesimum computationem annorum triginta fieri, ab annis uero triginta tot annorum computationem inire, quot ad annum sexagesimum deesse uidentur.
It was customary, however, that from earliest age up to the thirtieth year, a calculation of thirty years should be made, and from thirty years, a calculation should be entered into for as many years as appear to be lacking to the sixtieth year.
numquam ergo amplius quam triginta annorum computatio initur.
Therefore, a calculation of more than thirty years is never entered into.
sic denique et si rei publicae usus fructus legetur, siue simpliciter siue ad ludos, triginta annorum computatio fit.
Thus, finally, even if a usufruct is bequeathed to a municipality, whether unconditionally or for games, a calculation of thirty years is made.
§35.2.68.1Si quis ex heredibus rem propriam esse contendat, deinde hereditariam esse conuincatur, quidam putant eius quoque Falcidiam non posse retineri, quia nihil intersit, subtraxerit an hereditariam esse negauerit: quod Ulpianus recte improbat.
If any of the heirs should contend that a thing is his own property, and is subsequently proved to be part of the inheritance, some think that the Falcidian portion of this also cannot be retained, because there is no difference whether he has embezzled it or denied that it belongs to the inheritance; which opinion Ulpian rightly disapproves.

Notes

  1. 35.2.68.prComputationi in alimentis faciendae — The dative noun `computationi` is modified by the agreeing gerundive `faciendae`. This functions as a dative of purpose or reference, meaning 'for the calculation to be made regarding maintenance.'
  2. 35.2.68.prremisso uno anno — This is an ablative absolute construction consisting of the noun `anno` and the perfect participle `remisso` (from `remittere`, to deduct or release), meaning 'one year having been deducted' or 'minus one year.'
  3. 35.2.68.1subtraxerit an hereditariam esse negauerit — This is a double indirect question introduced by the disjunctive particle `an`, functioning as the subject of the preceding impersonal verb phrase `nihil intersit` (it makes no difference). The verbs `subtraxerit` and `negauerit` are in the perfect subjunctive.

Cite this passage

Justinian I, The Digest of Justinian §35.2.68.pr-35.2.68.1. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:latinLit:phi2806.phi002.humanitext-lat1:35.2.68.pr-35.2.68.1

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