[IDEM libro septimo decimo quaestionum. ] §35.1.71.prTitio centum ita, ut fundum emat, legata sunt: non esse cogendum Titium cauere Sextus Caecilius existimat, quoniam ad ipsum dumtaxat emolumentum legati rediret.
[THE SAME in the seventeenth book of Questions.] One hundred was bequeathed to Titius in such a way that he should buy a tract of land. Sextus Caecilius thinks that Titius should not be compelled to provide security, since the benefit of the legacy would return to himself alone.
sed si filio fratri alumno minus industrio prospectum esse uoluit, interesse heredis credendum est atque ideo cautionem interponendam, ut et fundus comparetur ac postea non alienaretur.
But if the testator wished to make provision for a less industrious son, brother, or foster-child, it must be believed to be in the interest of the heir, and therefore security must be interposed, so that the land may both be purchased and not subsequently alienated.
§35.1.71.1Titio centum relicta sunt ita, ut Maeuiam uxorem quae uidua est ducat: condicio non remittetur et ideo nec cautio remittenda est.
One hundred was left to Titius on condition that he marry Maevia, who is a widow; the condition will not be remitted, and therefore the security is not to be remitted either.
huic sententiae non refragatur, quod, si quis pecuniam promittat, si Maeuiam uxorem non ducat, praetor actionem denegat: aliud est enim eligendi matrimonii poenae metu libertatem auferri, aliud ad testamentum certa lege inuitari.
This opinion is not contradicted by the fact that, if someone promises money on condition that he does not marry Maevia, the praetor denies an action; for it is one thing for freedom to be taken away through fear of a penalty in choosing a marriage, and another to be invited to a testament under a certain condition.
§35.1.71.2Titio centum relicta sunt ita, ut a monumento meo non recedat uel uti in illa ciuitate domicilium habeat.
One hundred was left to Titius on condition that he does not depart from my monument, or that he has his domicile in that city.
potest dici non esse locum cautioni, per quam ius libertatis infringitur.
It can be said that there is no place for security by which the right of liberty is infringed.
sed in defuncti libertis alio iure utimur.
But in the case of the freedmen of the deceased, we apply a different rule of law.
§35.1.71.3'Titio genero meo heres meus dotis Seiae filiae meae nomine centum dato'. legati quidem emolumentum ad Seiam, quae dotem habere incipit, pertinebit, sed quia non tantum mulieri, sed Titio quoque, cui pecuniam legauit, consultum uidetur, prope est, ut ipse legatarius intellegatur et legatum petere debeat.
"Let my heir give one hundred to my son-in-law Titius in the name of the dowry of my daughter Seia." Indeed, the benefit of the legacy will belong to Seia, who begins to have a dowry; but because provision seems to have been made not only for the woman but also for Titius, to whom he bequeathed the money, it is close to the case that he himself is understood as the legatee and ought to claim the legacy.
si diuortium genero pecuniam heres soluerit, aeque liberabitur, quoniam in dotem solutio conuertitur.
If, after a divorce, the heir pays the money to the son-in-law, he will be equally released, since the payment is converted into a dowry.
constante autem matrimonio etiam prohibente muliere Titio recte soluetur: hoc enim et mulieris interest, ut incipiat esse dotata.
Moreover, while the marriage continues, payment will be rightly made to Titius even if the woman forbids it; for this is also in the interest of the woman, so that she may begin to be dowered.
nam et si quis ipsam quoque petitionem habere responderit eaque pecuniam petat neque dotis fieri uelit, non dubie doli summonebitur exceptione.
For even if anyone should answer that she herself also has the right of action, and she claims the money and does not wish it to become a dowry, she will undoubtedly be met by the plea of fraud.
ante nuptias uero Titio uel muliere defunctis legatum apud heredem manet.
But before the marriage, if Titius or the woman dies, the legacy remains with the heir.
quod si nolit eam uxorem ducere, causa legati, quod ad mulieris personam attinet, satisfactum intellegetur, sed Titio legatum petenti nocebit exceptio doli.
But if he is unwilling to marry her, the purpose of the legacy, so far as concerns the person of the woman, will be understood to be satisfied, but the plea of fraud will be detrimental to Titius if he claims the legacy.
Sabinus autem existimabat nupta muliere Titio sine cautione legatum deberi, quoniam pecunia dotis efficeretur: sed cum ante nuptias, quia purum legatum est, peti potest, cautio 'mulieri pecuniam reddi' necessaria erit.
Sabinus, however, thought that once the woman was married, the legacy was owed to Titius without security, since the money would become a dowry; but since before the marriage, because it is an unconditional legacy, it can be claimed, the security "that the money be returned to the woman" will be necessary.
quod si maritus uitio suo causa ceciderit neque soluendo sit, numquid aduersus heredem mulieri, quae nihil deliquit, succurri debeat ob eam pecuniam, quae doti fuerat destinata? sed quoniam ambo legati petitionem habuerunt, saluam habebit, non soluta pecunia uiro, mulier actionem.
But if the husband through his own fault should fail in his status and be insolvent, should relief be given against the heir to the woman, who committed no fault, on account of that money which had been destined for the dowry? But since both had the right to claim the legacy, the woman, if the money has not been paid to the husband, will keep her action safe.