Humanitext Reader

Justinian I · The Digest of Justinian §35.1.39.pr-35.1.39.1

Scope of Conditions and Uncertain Places of Performance

Passage 5370 of 9271 · Latin

Summary

This chunk addresses how the nature of a condition (general or specific) affects its scope of application to heirs, and how to interpret a will when the specific forum for performance is not defined.

[IAUOLENUS libro primo ex posterioribus Labeonis. ] §35.1.39.prQuae condicio ad genus personarum, non ad certas et notas personas pertineat, eam existimamus totius esse testamenti et ad omnes heredes institutos pertinere: at quae condicio ad certas personas accommodata fuerit, eam referre debemus ad eum dumtaxat gradum, quo hae personae institutae fuerunt.
[IAVOLENUS, in the first book of the Posthumous Works of Labeo.] We consider that a condition which relates to a class of persons, and not to specific and known persons, belongs to the entire will and relates to all the instituted heirs; but a condition which has been adapted to specific persons we must refer only to that degree in which these persons were instituted.
§35.1.39.1Cum ita in testamento scriptum erat ut aliquid in foro fiat neque adscriptum erat in quo foro, Labeo ait, si non appareat, quid mortuus senserit, in eius municipii foro faciendum, in quo is qui testamentum fecerit domicilium habuerit: quam sententiam ego quoque probo.
When it was written in a will that something should be done in the forum, and it was not added in which forum, Labeo says that, if it does not appear what the deceased intended, it should be done in the forum of that municipium in which the person who made the will had his domicile; which opinion I also approve.

Notes

  1. §35.1.39.prQuae condicio ad genus personarum ... eam ... — A correlative construction where the noun condicio is attracted into the relative clause introduced by quae, and is subsequently referred to by the demonstrative pronoun eam in the main clause.
  2. §35.1.39.prtotius esse testamenti — A genitive of possession or characteristic used with esse, meaning "to belong to the entire will" (or to be applicable to the entire will).
  3. §35.1.39.1faciendum — A gerundive in the accusative-with-infinitive construction dependent on Labeo ait, with the copula esse omitted (faciendum [esse]), expressing obligation or necessity ("should be done").
  4. §35.1.39.1quam sententiam — A connecting relative (relativum connectionis) where the relative adjective quam modifies sententiam, referring back to the opinion of Labeo just stated.

Cite this passage

Justinian I, The Digest of Justinian §35.1.39.pr-35.1.39.1. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:latinLit:phi2806.phi002.humanitext-lat1:35.1.39.pr-35.1.39.1

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