Humanitext Reader

Justinian I · The Digest of Justinian §35.1.21.pr

Conditions of Fact and of Law in Acceptance of Inheritance

Passage 5352 of 9271 · Latin

Summary

The passage discusses the difference between conditions of fact and of law, explaining with examples that the former impede the acceptance of an inheritance until the heir knows of their fulfillment, whereas the latter require only objective fulfillment and are not impeded by the heir's ignorance.

[IULIANUS libro trigesimo primo digestorum. ] §35.1.21.prMultum interest, condicio facti an iuris esset: nam huiusmodi condiciones 'si nauis ex Asia uenerit' 'si Titius consul factus erit', quamuis impletae essent, impedient heredem circa adeundam hereditatem, quamdiu ignoraret eas impletas esse: quae uero ex iure uenient, in his nihil amplius exigendum, quam ut impletae sint.
[Julian in the thirty-first book of his Digests.] It makes a great difference whether a condition is one of fact or of law: for conditions of this kind, such as "if a ship shall have come from Asia," or "if Titius shall have been made consul," even though they have been fulfilled, will impede the heir regarding the acceptance of the inheritance as long as he is ignorant that they have been fulfilled; but in those which come from the law, nothing more is to be required than that they have been fulfilled.
ueluti si quis se filium familias existimat, cum sit pater familias, poterit adquirere hereditatem: quare et ex parte heres scriptus, qui ignorat, an tabulae testamenti apertae sint, adire hereditatem poterit.
For example, if someone thinks himself to be a son-in-power, whereas he is a father-of-the-family, he will be able to acquire the inheritance; wherefore even an heir appointed for a part, who is ignorant of whether the tablets of the testament have been opened, will be able to accept the inheritance.

Notes

  1. 35.1.21.prcondicio facti an iuris esset — An indirect question introduced by an. Although the main verb interest is in the present tense, the verb in the indirect question is in the subjunctive imperfect esset. This is likely due to an irregular sequence of tenses reflecting a general legal proposition or a retrospective view of a specific case.
  2. 35.1.21.pradeundam hereditatem — A gerundive construction governed by the preposition circa. Instead of a gerund with an object (circa adeundum hereditatem), the noun hereditatem agrees with the case of the preposition (accusative) and the gerundive adeundam agrees with the noun.
  3. 35.1.21.prcum sit pater familias — A cum-clause with the subjunctive sit, expressing concession ("although he is," "whereas he is"). It contrasts the objective fact (being a pater familias) with the subjective false belief in the main clause (se filium familias existimat in the indicative).

Cite this passage

Justinian I, The Digest of Justinian §35.1.21.pr. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:latinLit:phi2806.phi002.humanitext-lat1:35.1.21.pr

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