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Justinian I · The Digest of Justinian §34.2.23.pr-34.2.23.3

Definition of Garments in Bequests and Their Five Classes

Passage 5183 of 9271 · Latin

Summary

The author clarifies that there is no distinction between the singular and plural forms of 'garment' in a bequest, defines garments by their material and utility, and details their fivefold classification (men's, children's, women's, common, and household) with specific examples.

[IDEM libro quadragesimo quarto ad Sabinum. ] §34.2.23.prUestis an uestimenta legentur, nihil refert.
[THE SAME, in his forty-fourth book on Sabinus.] Whether a garment [uestis] or garments [uestimenta] are bequeathed makes no difference.
§34.2.23.1Uestimentorum sunt omnia lanea lineaque uel serica uel bombycina, quae induendi praecingendi amiciendi insternendi iniciendi incubandiue causa parata sunt et quae his accessionis uice cedunt, quae sunt insitae picturae clauique qui uestibus insuuntur.
All articles of wool, linen, silk, or bombycine silk, which have been prepared for the purpose of dressing, girding, wrapping, spreading under, throwing over, or lying upon, and those which go with them in the character of accessories—which are woven-in pictures and stripes that are sewn onto garments—belong to the category of garments.
§34.2.23.2Uestimenta omnia aut uirilia sunt aut puerilia aut muliebria aut communia aut familiarica.
All garments are either for men, children, women, common use, or the household.
uirilia sunt, quae ipsius patris familiae causa parata sunt, ueluti togae tunicae palliola uestimenta stragula amfitapa et saga reliquaque similia.
Those are for men which are prepared for the use of the father of the family himself, such as togas, tunics, short cloaks, coverlets, double-shagged blankets, military cloaks, and other similar things.
puerilia sunt, quae ad nullum alium usum pertinent nisi puerilem, ueluti togae praetextae aliculae chlamydes pallia quae filiis nostris comparamus.
Those are for children which are suitable for no other use than that of children, such as the togas praetextae, small capes, chlamydes, and cloaks which we purchase for our sons.
muliebria sunt, quae matris familiae causa sunt comparata, quibus uir non facile uti potest sine uituperatione, ueluti stolae pallia tunicae capitia zonae. mitrae, quae magis capitis tegendi quam ornandi causa sunt comparata, plagulae penulae.
Those are for women which are purchased for the use of the mother of the family, and which a man cannot easily use without censure, such as stolae, shawls, tunics, breast-bands, girdles, turbans (which are purchased rather for the purpose of covering the head than of ornamenting it), curtains, and traveling cloaks.
communia sunt, quibus promiscue utitur mulier cum uiro, ueluti si eiusmodi penula palliumue est et reliqua huiusmodi, quibus sine reprehensione uel uir uel uxor utatur.
Those are common which are used promiscuously by a woman and a man, as for instance, if there is a traveling cloak or mantle of this kind, and other things of this description, which either the husband or the wife may use without censure.
familiarica sunt, quae ad familiam uestiendam parata sunt, sicuti saga tunicae penulae lintea uestimenta stragula et consimilia.
Those are for the household which are prepared for clothing the slaves, such as military cloaks, tunics, traveling cloaks, linen garments, coverlets, and the like.
§34.2.23.3Uestis etiam ex pellibus constabit,
A garment will also consist of skins,

Notes

  1. §34.2.23.1Uestimentorum sunt omnia lanea lineaque — `Uestimentorum` is a genitive of property or class used with `sunt` to mean "belong to the category of garments." The subject is the following phrase `omnia lanea lineaque...` ("all articles of wool, linen...").
  2. §34.2.23.1accessionis uice — The word `uice` is the ablative singular of `uicis` meaning "in the place of" or "as," taking the genitive `accessionis` to form an adverbial phrase meaning "as an accessory" or "in the role of an accessory."
  3. §34.2.23.2mitrae, quae magis capitis tegendi quam ornandi causa sunt comparata, plagulae penulae. — These nominative plurals (`mitrae`, `plagulae`, `penulae`) continue the list of examples of women's garments introduced by `muliebria sunt... ueluti...` in the preceding sentence.

Cite this passage

Justinian I, The Digest of Justinian §34.2.23.pr-34.2.23.3. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:latinLit:phi2806.phi002.humanitext-lat1:34.2.23.pr-34.2.23.3

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