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Justinian I · The Digest of Justinian §32.0.68.pr-32.0.68.3

Opinions on Legacies of Pledged Land and Shared Slaves

Passage 4892 of 9271 · Latin

Summary

Ulpian answers several specific questions on testamentary interpretation, including the validity of a trust over a pledged portion of land, the non-binding nature of exhortative language, the bequest of shared slaves, and the inclusion of slaves in a bequest of land with its implements.

[ULPIANUS libro primo responsorum. ] §32.0.68.prIunianio respondit testatorem adiciendo 'praedium Seianum omne' eam quoque partem fundi supra scripti quasi ad se pertinentem uideri per fideicommissum reliquisse, quam ex causa pignoris nactus est, saluo scilicet iure debitoris.
[ULPIANUS, from his first book of Opinions.] [Ulpian] replied to Iunianius that the testator, by adding 'the whole Seian estate', is deemed to have left by trust also that part of the above-mentioned land, as if pertaining to himself, which he acquired by virtue of a pledge, without prejudice, of course, to the right of the debtor.
§32.0.68.1Ex his uerbis: 'curate agros attendere, et ita fiet, ut filius meus filios 'uestros uobis condonet', fideicommissum peti non posse.
From these words: 'Take care to look after the fields, and thus it will happen that my son will release your sons to you', a trust cannot be claimed.
§32.0.68.2Seruos communes a Seia ita relictos 'si mei erunt cum moriar' non deberi, si modo hoc sensit testatrix, ut ita deberentur, si in solidum eius fuissent.
Common slaves left by Seia in this manner: 'if they are mine when I die', are not due, provided that the testatrix intended this: that they should be due only if they had belonged to her in entirety.
§32.0.68.3Praediis cum his enthecis, quae in ea possessione sunt, relictis mancipia quoque praediorum, cum illic testamenti facti tempore fuerunt, cedent: sed et quae postea accesserunt, si modo hoc testator manifeste expressit.
When estates are left with those implements which are on that property, the slaves of the estates also, since they were there at the time the will was made, will pass; but also those which were added later, provided that the testator clearly expressed this.

Notes

  1. §32.0.68.pruideri ... reliquisse — An accusative-with-infinitive construction (indirect speech) dependent on the main verb `respondit`. The subject accusative `testatorem` governs the passive infinitive `uideri`, which in turn takes the perfect active infinitive `reliquisse` as its complement, meaning "the testator is deemed to have left...".
  2. §32.0.68.1fideicommissum peti non posse — This accusative-with-infinitive clause also depends on the main verb `respondit` (answered) supplied from the preceding paragraph (§32.0.68.pr). It means "(Ulpian answered that) a trust cannot be claimed".
  3. §32.0.68.3cedent — The verb `cedere` (to yield, pass) is used here in a legal sense meaning "to pass to the legatee" or "to be included in the bequest."

Cite this passage

Justinian I, The Digest of Justinian §32.0.68.pr-32.0.68.3. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:latinLit:phi2806.phi002.humanitext-lat1:32.0.68.pr-32.0.68.3

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