[IDEM libro uicesimo primo ad Sabinum. ]
[THE SAME, Book 21 on Sabinus.] Let us therefore look at the other matters besides these.
§30.1.41.prCetera igitur praeter haec uideamus. et quidem corpora legari omnia et iura et seruitutes possunt.
And indeed, all bodies, rights, and servitudes can be bequeathed.
§30.1.41.1Sed ea quae aedibus iuncta sunt legari non possunt, quia haec legari non posse senatus censuit Auiola et Pansa consulibus.
But those things which are joined to houses cannot be bequeathed, because the senate decreed that these cannot be bequeathed in the consulship of Aviola and Pansa.
§30.1.41.2Tractari tamen poterit, si quando marmora uel columnae fuerint separatae ab aedibus, an legatum conualescat.
It can, however, be discussed whether, if at any time marbles or columns should be separated from the houses, the legacy becomes valid.
et si quidem ab initio non constitit legatum, ex post facto non conualescet, quemadmodum nec res mea legata mihi, si post testamentum factum fuerit alienata, quia uires ab initio legatum non habuit.
And indeed, if the legacy was not valid from the beginning, it will not become valid ex post facto, just as a thing of mine bequeathed to me, if it has been alienated after the making of the will, does not become valid, because the legacy had no force from the beginning.
sed si sub condicione legetur, poterit legatum ualere, si exsistentis condicionis tempore mea non sit uel aedibus iuncta non sit, secundum eos, qui et emi rem meam sub condicione et promitti mihi stipulanti et legari aiunt.
But if it is bequeathed under a condition, the legacy can be valid if, at the time of the fulfillment of the condition, it is not mine or is not joined to the houses, according to those who say that my own thing can be bought under a condition, and promised to me upon my stipulation, and bequeathed.
purum igitur legatum Catoniana regula impediet, condicionale non, quia ad condicionalia Catoniana non pertinet.
Therefore, the Catonian rule will impede a simple legacy, but not a conditional one, because the Catonian rule does not apply to conditional legacies.
§30.1.41.3Item quaeri potest, si quis binas aedes habens alteras legauerit et ex alteris aliquid iunctum ei cui aedes legauit, an legatum ualebit? mouet quaestionem, quod ex senatus consulto et constitutionibus licet nobis ab aedibus nostris in alias aedes transferre possessoribus earum futuris, id est non distracturis: et ita imperator noster et diuus Seuerus rescripserunt.
Likewise, it can be asked: if someone owning two houses bequeathes one of them, and leaves something joined to the other to him to whom he bequeathed the house, will the legacy be valid? What raises the question is that, by a decree of the senate and imperial constitutions, we are permitted to transfer things from our houses into other houses for those who are to be their future possessors, that is, those who will not sell them; and our Emperor and the Divine Severus wrote a rescript to this effect.
numquid ergo et legari possit ei, cui aliam domum legem? sed negandum erit, quia cui legatum est non est possessor futurus.
Could it therefore also be bequeathed to him to whom I bequeathed another house? But this must be denied, because he to whom it is bequeathed is not to be the future possessor.
§30.1.41.4Si duobus domum legauerit Sempronianam et ex ea alteri eorum marmora ad exstructionem domus Seianae quam ei legauerat, non male agitabitur, an ualeat, quia dominus est utriusque legatarius.
If he has bequeathed the Sempronian house to two persons, and out of it, to one of them, the marbles for the building of the Seian house which he had bequeathed to him, it will not be poorly debated whether it is valid, because the legatee is the owner of both.
et quid si quis domum deductis marmoribus legauerit, quae uoluit heredem habere ad exstruendam domum, quam retinebat in hereditate? sed melius dicetur in utroque detractionem non ualere: legatum tamen ualebit, ut aestimatio eorum praestetur.
And what if someone bequeathed a house with the deduction of marbles, which he wanted the heir to have for building a house which he retained in the inheritance? But it will be better said that in both cases the deduction is not valid; however, the legacy will be valid, so that their valuation is provided.
§30.1.41.5Sed si quis ad opus rei publicae faciendum legauit, puto ualere legatum: nam et Papinianus libro undecimo responsorum refert imperatorem nostrum et diuum Seuerum constituisse eos, qui rei publicae ad opus promiserint, posse detrahere ex aedibus suis urbanis atque rusticis et id ad opus uti, quia hi quoque non promercii causa id haberent.
But if someone bequeathed for the purpose of constructing a public work, I think the legacy is valid; for Papinian also reports in the eleventh book of his Opinions that our Emperor and the Divine Severus decided that those who promised a work to the state can remove things from their town and country houses and use them for that work, because these people also would not hold them for the sake of trade.
sed uideamus, utrum ei soli ciuitati legari possit, in cuius territorio est, an et de alia ciuitate in aliam transferre possit.
But let us see whether it can be bequeathed only to that city in whose territory it is, or whether it can also be transferred from one city to another.
et puto non esse permittendum, quamquam constitutum sit, ut de domu, quam aliquis habet, ei permittatur in domum alterius ciuitatis transferre.
And I think this should not be permitted, although it has been established that, from a house which someone owns, he is permitted to transfer to a house in another city.
§30.1.41.6Hoc senatus consultum non tantum ad urbem, sed et ad alias ciuitates pertinet.
This decree of the senate applies not only to the City, but also to other cities.
§30.1.41.7Sed et diuorum fratrum est rescriptum ad libellum Procliani et Epitynchani ob debitum publicum desiderantium ut sibi distrahere permittatur, quod eis ius distrahendi denegauerunt.
But there is also a rescript of the Divine Brothers to the petition of Proclianus and Epitynchanus, who, on account of a public debt, desired that they be permitted to dismantle and sell, in which they denied them the right of dismantling and selling.
§30.1.41.8Hoc senatus consultum non tantum ad aedes, sed et ad balinea uel aliud quod aedificium uel porticus sine aedibus uel tabernas uel popinas extenditur.
This decree of the senate extends not only to houses, but also to baths or any other building, or to porticoes without houses, or to shops or taverns.
§30.1.41.9Item hoc prohibetur haec legari, quod non alias praestari potest, quam ut aedibus detrahatur subducatur, id est marmora uel columnae.
Likewise, by this, the bequeathing of these things is prohibited, which cannot be provided other than by being removed or withdrawn from the houses, that is, marbles or columns.
idem et in tegulis et in tignis et ostiis senatus censuit: sed et in bibliothecis parietibus inhaerentibus.
The senate decreed the same also regarding tiles, beams, and doors; and indeed, regarding bookcases adhering to walls.
§30.1.41.10Sed si cancelli sint uel uela, legari poterunt, non tamen fistulae uel castelli.
But if they are lattices or curtains, they can be bequeathed; however, pipes or reservoirs cannot.
§30.1.41.11Sed automataria aut siquis canthari, per quos aquae saliunt, poterunt legari, maxime si impositicii sint.
But automata, or if there are any water basins through which water gushes, can be bequeathed, especially if they are placed on top.
§30.1.41.12Quid ergo in statuis dicendum? si quidem inhaerent parietibus, non licebit, si uero alias exsistant, dubitari potest: uerum mens senatus plenius accipienda est, ut si qua ibi fuerunt perpetua, quasi portio aedium distrahi non possint.
What, then, is to be said regarding statues? If indeed they adhere to the walls, it will not be allowed; but if they exist otherwise, there can be doubt. However, the intention of the senate is to be understood more fully, so that if any things were there permanently, they cannot be dismantled and sold, as if they were a portion of the houses.
§30.1.41.13Proinde dicendum est nec tabulas adfixas et parietibus adiunctas uel singula sigilla adaequata legari posse.
Accordingly, it must be said that neither attached paintings joined to the walls, nor individual fitted small figures, can be bequeathed.
§30.1.41.14Sed si parauit quaedam testator quasi translaturus in aliam domum et haec legauit, dubitari poterit, an ualeat: et puto ualere.
But if the testator prepared certain things as if he were going to transfer them to another house, and bequeathed them, it can be doubted whether it is valid; and I think it is valid.
§30.1.41.15Sed si ea quae legauit aedibus iunxit, extinctum erit legatum.
But if he joined those things which he bequeathed to the houses, the legacy will be extinguished.
§30.1.41.16Sed si heres ea iunxit, puto non exstingui,
But if the heir joined them, I think it is not extinguished,