[ULPIANUS libro uicesimo primo ad Sabinum. ] §30.1.39.prCum seruus legatus in fuga esset uel longinquo absens exigatur, operam praestare heres debet, ut eam rem requirat et praestet, et ita Iulianus scribit.
[ULPIANUS, Book 21 on Sabinus.] When a bequeathed slave is in flight or is absent far away and is demanded, the heir must make an effort to search for and deliver that slave, and Julian writes to this effect.
nam et sumptum an in hanc rem facere heres deberet, Africanus libro uicesimo epistularum apud Iulianum quaerit putatque sumptum praestandum, quod et ego arbitror sequendum.
For Africanus also, in the twentieth book of his Letters, asks Julian whether the heir ought to incur expenses for this purpose, and thinks that the expenses should be paid, which I also believe should be followed.
§30.1.39.1Fructus autem hi deducuntur in petitionem, non quos heres percepit, sed quos legatarius percipere potuit: et id in operis seruorum uel uecturis iumentorum uel naulis nauium dicendum.
But the fruits brought into the claim are not those which the heir gathered, but those which the legatee could have gathered; and this must be said in the case of the services of slaves, the transport of beasts of burden, or the freight of ships.
quod in fructibus dicitur, hoc et in pensionibus urbanorum aedificiorum intellegendum erit.
What is said regarding fruits must also be understood regarding the rents of urban buildings.
in usurarum autem quantitate mos regionis erit sequendus: index igitur usurarum modum aestimabit et statuet.
But as to the amount of interest, the custom of the region must be followed; therefore, the judge will estimate and determine the rate of interest.
ipsius quoque rei interitum post moram debet, sicut in stipulatione, si post moram res interierit, aestimatio eius praestatur.
The heir also owes for the destruction of the thing itself after default, just as in a stipulation, if the thing has perished after default, its valuation is paid.
item partus ancillarum et, si seruus fuerit legatus, et hereditas uel legatum uel quid per eum adquisitum sit heres praestare debet.
Likewise, the heir must deliver the offspring of female slaves, and if a slave has been bequeathed, also any inheritance, legacy, or anything acquired through him.
§30.1.39.2Si Titius a me rem emisset et eandem mihi legasset antequam ei traderem, mox ei tradidero et pretium recepero, uidetur quidem is prima facie rem mihi meam legasse et ideo legatum non consistere.
If Titius had bought a thing from me and had bequeathed the same to me before I delivered it to him, and soon after I have delivered it to him and received the price, he seems indeed at first sight to have bequeathed my own thing to me, and therefore the legacy does not stand.
sed ex empto actione liberatus utique per legatum rem uindicare potero quam tradidi.
But having been freed from the action on purchase, I will certainly be able to claim by legacy the thing which I delivered.
sed si nondum erat solutum mihi pretium, Iulianus scribit ex uendito quidem me acturum, ut pretium exsequar, ex testamento uero, ut rem quam uendidi et tradidi recipiam.
But if the price had not yet been paid to me, Julian writes that I shall indeed sue on the sale to recover the price, but on the testament to recover the thing which I sold and delivered.
idem subiungit, si pretium quidem mihi erat solutum, rem autem nondum traderam, ex testamento me agentem liberationem consequi.
He adds further that if the price had indeed been paid to me, but I had not yet delivered the thing, I, suing on the testament, obtain release.
§30.1.39.3Idem Iulianus scribit, si fundum testator, quem ab alio emerat, mihi legauit, heredem cogendum mihi actionem ex empto praestare, scilicet si nondum res tradita fuerit uel defuncto uel heredi.
The same Julian writes that if the testator bequeathed to me an estate which he had bought from another, the heir must be compelled to assign to me the action on purchase, provided that the thing has not yet been delivered either to the deceased or to the heir.
§30.1.39.4Si quis alicui legauerit licere lapidem caedere, quaesitum est, an etiam ad heredem hoc legatum transeat.
If someone has bequeathed to another the right to quarry stone, it was asked whether this legacy also passes to the heir.
et Marcellus negat ad heredem transmitti, nisi nomen heredis adiectum legato fuerit.
And Marcellus denies that it is transmitted to the heir, unless the name of the heir was added to the legacy.
§30.1.39.5Heres cogitur legati praedii soluere uectigal praeteritum uel tributum uel solarium uel cloacarium uel pro aquae forma.
The heir is compelled to pay past quitrent, tax, ground rent, sewer-tax, or watercourse-tax for the bequeathed estate.
§30.1.39.6Scio ex facto tractatum, cum quidam duos fundos eiusdem nominis habens legasset fundum Cornelianum et esset alter pretii maioris, alter minoris et heres diceret minorem legatum, legatarius maiorem: uolgo fatebitur utique minorem eum legasse, si maiorem non potuerit docere legatarius.
I know that it was discussed upon a matter of fact, when someone, having two estates of the same name, bequeathed the Cornelian estate, and one was of greater price and the other of less, and the heir said that the lesser was bequeathed, and the legatee the greater: it will be generally admitted that he bequeathed the lesser, unless the legatee can prove the greater.
§30.1.39.7Constat etiam res alienas legari posse, utique si parari possint, etiamsi difficilis earum paratio sit.
It is also established that things belonging to others can be bequeathed, provided that they can be acquired, even if their acquisition is difficult.
§30.1.39.8Si uero Sallustianos hortos, qui sunt Augusti, uel fundum Albanum, qui principalibus usibus deseruit, legauerit quis, furiosi est talia legata testamento adscribere.
But if anyone bequeaths the Sallustian gardens, which belong to Augustus, or the Alban estate, which serves imperial uses, it is the act of a madman to write such legacies into a testament.
§30.1.39.9Item campum Martium aut forum Romanum uel aedem sacram legari non posse constat.
Likewise, it is established that the Campus Martius, the Roman Forum, or a sacred temple cannot be bequeathed.
§30.1.39.10Sed et ea praedia Caesaris, quae in formam patrimonii redacta sub procuratore patrimonii sunt, si legentur, nec aestimatio eorum debet praestari, quoniam commercium eorum nisi iussu principis non sit, cum distrahi non soleant.
Furthermore, those estates of Caesar which have been reduced into the form of patrimony and are under the procurator of the patrimony, if bequeathed, not even their valuation ought to be paid, since they are not in commerce except by order of the prince, as they are not accustomed to be sold.