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Justinian I · The Digest of Justinian §30.1.28.pr-30.1.28.1

Legacies of Debts Subject to Defenses and Altered Remedies

Passage 4624 of 9271 · Latin

Summary

Discusses the validity of bequeathing debts or claims subject to defenses, honorary actions, or stipulations, explaining how such legacies alter the legal remedies or escape reduction under the Falcidian law.

[ULPIANUS libro nono decimo ad Sabinum. ] §30.1.28.prSi creditori meo, tutus aduersus eum exceptione, id quod ei debeo legem, utile legatum est, quia remissa exceptio uidetur, sicut Aristo ait id quod honoraria actione mihi debetur si legetur mihi, legatum ualere, quia ciuilis mihi datur actio pro honoraria.
[ULPIAN, Book 19 of Commentary on Sabinus.] If, being protected against my creditor by an exception, I should bequeath to him that which I owe him, the legacy is valid, because the exception seems to be remitted; just as Aristo says that if that which is owed to me by an honorary action is bequeathed to me, the legacy is valid, because a civil action is given to me in place of the honorary one.
§30.1.28.1Marcellus libro uicesimo octauo putat rem quam ex stipulatu mihi debes si legaueris, utile esse legatum, ut neque Falcidia hoc minuat:
Marcellus in his twenty-eighth book thinks that if you bequeath a thing which you owe me under a stipulation, the legacy is valid, so that not even the Falcidian law may diminish it.

Notes

  1. 30.1.28.prlegem — First-person singular present subjunctive of the first-conjugation verb legare ("to bequeath"). The subjunctive mood is used in the hypothetical condition introduced by si. The nominative adjective tutus ("protected") agrees in gender and number with the implied first-person singular subject (the debtor-testator).
  2. 30.1.28.prlegatum ualere — An accusative with infinitive construction (subject: legatum, infinitive: ualere) governed by the verb ait ("Aristo says"). It serves as the apodosis to the preceding conditional clause starting with si legetur mihi.
  3. 30.1.28.1rem quam ex stipulatu mihi debes si legaueris — A hyperbaton structure within the accusative with infinitive clause (utile esse legatum) representing Marcellus's opinion, where the object rem (which is modified by the relative clause quam ex stipulatu mihi debes) is placed at the beginning, preceding the conditional clause si legaueris ("if you bequeath").

Cite this passage

Justinian I, The Digest of Justinian §30.1.28.pr-30.1.28.1. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:latinLit:phi2806.phi002.humanitext-lat1:30.1.28.pr-30.1.28.1

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