[ULPIANUS libro quinquagesimo ad edictum. ] §28.7.8.prQuae sub condicione iurisiurandi relinquuntur, a praetore reprobantur: prouidit enim, ne is, qui sub iurisiurandi condicione quid accepit, aut omittendo condicionem perderet hereditatem legatumue aut cogeretur turpiter accipiendi condicionem iurare.
[ULPIANUS, in the fiftieth book on the Edict.] Things left under the condition of an oath are rejected by the praetor; for he made provision that a person who has received something under the condition of an oath should neither lose the inheritance or legacy by omitting the condition, nor be forced to swear disgracefully for the sake of receiving it.
uoluit ergo eum, cui sub iurisiurandi condicione quid relictum est, ita capere, ut capiunt hi, quibus nulla talis iurisiurandi condicio inseritur, et recte: cum enim faciles sint nonnulli hominum ad iurandum contemptu religionis, alii perquam timidi metu diuini numinis usque ad superstitionem, ne uel hi uel illi aut consequerentur aut perderent quod relictum est, praetor consultissime interuenit.
Therefore, he willed that a person to whom something has been left under the condition of an oath should take it just as those take it in whose case no such condition of an oath is inserted, and rightly so; for since some men are prone to swear through contempt for religion, while others are extremely timid to the point of superstition through fear of the divine power, the praetor intervened most wisely so that neither the former nor the latter should either obtain or lose what was left.
etenim potuit is, qui uoluit factum, quod religionis condicione adstringit sub condicione faciendi relinquere: ita enim homines aut facientes admitterentur aut non facientes deficerentur condicione.
For indeed, a person who desired an act performed which he bound by a religious condition could have left it under the condition of doing it; for in this way, men would either be admitted by doing it, or would fail of the condition by not doing it.
H §28.7.8.1oc edictum etiam ad legata pertinet, non tantum ad heredum institutionem.
This edict also applies to legacies, and not only to the appointment of heirs.
§28.7.8.2In fideicommissis quoque oportebit eos, qui de fideicommisso cognoscunt, subsequi praetoris edictum eapropter, quia uice legatorum funguntur.
In the case of trust-bequests as well, those who take cognizance of a trust-bequest must follow the praetor's edict, for the reason that they perform the function of legacies.
§28.7.8.3Et in mortis causa donationibus dicendum est edicto locum esse, si forte quis cauerit, nisi iurasset se aliquid facturum, restituturum quod accepit: oportebit itaque remitti cautionem.
And in donations mortis causa, it must be said that there is room for the edict, if by chance anyone has given a security that, unless he swore he would do something, he would restore what he received; therefore, it will be necessary that the security be remitted.
§28.7.8.4Si quis sub iurisiurandi condicione et praeterea sub alia sit institutus, huic uidendum est an remittatur condicio: et magis est, ut remitti iurisiurandi condicio debeat, licet alii condicioni parendum habeat.
If anyone has been appointed under the condition of an oath and furthermore under another condition, it must be considered for this person whether the condition is remitted; and it is more acceptable that the condition of the oath ought to be remitted, although he has to comply with the other condition.
§28.7.8.5Sed si sub iurisiurandi condicione sit institutus aut si decem milia dederit, hoc est alternata condicione, ut aut pareat condicioni aut iuret aliud quid, uidendum, numquid remitti ei condicio non debet, quia potest alteri condicioni parendo esse securus.
But if he has been appointed under the condition of an oath or if he should give ten thousand, that is, under an alternative condition, so that he either complies with the condition or swears to something else, it must be considered whether the condition ought not to be remitted to him, because he can be secure by complying with the other condition.
sed est uerius remittendam condicionem, ne alia ratione condicio alia eum urgeat ad iusiurandum.
But it is truer that the condition should be remitted, lest under another aspect the other condition should urge him to take an oath.
§28.7.8.6Quotiens heres iurare iubetur daturum se aliquid uel facturum: quod non improbum est, actiones hereditarias non alias habebit, quam si dederit uel fecerit id, quod erat iussus iurare.
Whenever an heir is ordered to swear that he will give or do something, which is not improper, he will not have the hereditary actions otherwise than if he has given or done that which he was ordered to swear.
§28.7.8.7Mortuo autem uel manumisso Sticho uiuo testatore qui ita heres institutus est, si iurasset se Stichum manumissurum, non uidebitur defectus condicione heres, quamuis uerum sit compellendum eum manumittere, si uiueret.
Moreover, if Stichus dies or is manumitted during the lifetime of the testator, a person who was appointed heir in this way, "if he should swear that he would manumit Stichus," will not be deemed to have failed of the condition as heir, although it is true that he would have been compelled to manumit him if he were alive.
idem est et si ita heres institutus esset quis: 'Titius heres esto ita, ut Stichum manumittat' aut 'Titio centum ita lego, ut Stichum manumittat'. nam mortuo Sticho nemo dicet summouendum eum: non uidebitur enim defectus condicione, si parere condicioni non possit: implenda est enim uoluntas, si potest.
The same is true if anyone had been appointed heir thus: "Let Titius be heir on condition that he manumit Stichus," or "I bequeath one hundred to Titius on condition that he manumit Stichus." For if Stichus dies, no one will say that he ought to be excluded; for he will not be deemed to have failed of the condition if he cannot comply with the condition, since the intention must be fulfilled if it is possible.
§28.7.8.8De hoc iureiurando remittendo non est necesse adire praetorem: semel enim in perpetuum a praetore remissum est nec per singulos remittendum.
Regarding the remission of this oath, it is not necessary to approach the praetor; for it has been remitted once and for all by the praetor and is not to be remitted in individual cases.
et idcirco ex quo dies legati cesserit, remissum uidetur etiam ignorante scripto herede.
And therefore, from the moment the day of the legacy has vested, it is deemed remitted even if the written heir is ignorant of it.
ideoque in herede legatarii recte probatur, ut post diem legati cedentem si decesserit legatarius, debeat heres eius actione de legato uti, quasi pure legato relicto ei cui heres exstiterat.
And for that reason, in the case of the heir of a legatee, it is rightly approved that if the legatee dies after the day of the legacy has vested, his heir ought to make use of the action for the legacy, just as if an unconditional legacy had been left to him to whom he had succeeded as heir.