[IDEM libro sexto responsorum. ] §28.6.41.prCoheredi substitutus priusquam hereditatem adiret aut condicio substitutionis existeret, uita decessit.
[THE SAME, from his sixth book of opinions.] A person substituted for a co-heir died before he entered upon the inheritance or the condition of the substitution was fulfilled.
ad substitutum eius, siue ante substitutionem siue postea substitutus sit, utraque portio pertinebit nec intererit, prior substitutus post institutum an ante decedat.
Both portions will belong to his substitute, whether he was substituted before or after the substitution [occurred], and it will make no difference whether the first substitute dies after or before the instituted heir.
§28.6.41.1Ex uerbis 'eosque inuicem substituo' non adeuntis portio scriptis heredibus pro modo sibi uel alii quaesitae portionis defertur.
From the words "and I substitute them for each other," the portion of one who does not enter is deferred to the written heirs in proportion to the share acquired for themselves or for another.
§28.6.41.2Cum filiae uel nepoti, qui locum filii tenuit aut post testamentum coepit tenere, parens substituit, si quis ex his mortis quoque tempore non fuit in familia, substitutio pupillaris fit irrita.
When a parent substitutes an heir for a daughter or a grandson (who held the place of a son or began to hold it after the testament), if any of these was not in the family at the time of death as well, the pupillary substitution becomes void.
§28.6.41.3Quod si heredem filium pater rogauerit, si impubes diem suum obierit, Titio hereditatem suam restituere, legitimum heredem filii salua Falcidia cogendum patris hereditatem ut ab impubere fideicommisso post mortem eius dato restituere placuit, nec aliud seruandum, cum substitutionis condicio puberem aetatem uerbis precariis egreditur.
But if a father requested his son, who was appointed heir, to restore his inheritance to Titius if he should die under age, it has been decided that the statutory heir of the son must be compelled, saving the Falcidian portion, to restore the father's inheritance as if from a trust given after the death of the minor. Nor is any other rule to be observed when the condition of the substitution exceeds the age of puberty by precatory words.
quae ita locum habebunt, si patris testamentum iure ualuit: alioquin si non ualuit, ea scriptura, quam testamentum esse uoluit, codicillos non faciet, nisi hoc expressum est.
These provisions will apply only if the father's testament was legally valid; otherwise, if it was not valid, that writing which he wished to be a testament will not make a codicil, unless this is expressed.
nec fideicommisso propriae facultates filii tenebuntur, et ideo, si pater filium exheredauerit et ei nihil reliquerit, nullum fideicommissum erit: alioquin, si legata uel fideicommissa filius acceperit, intra modum eorum fideicommissum hereditatis a filio datum citra Falcidiae rationem debebitur.
Nor will the son's own property be bound by the trust, and therefore, if the father disinherited the son and left him nothing, there will be no trust; otherwise, if the son received legacies or trusts, the trust of the inheritance given by the son will be due within the limit of those, without regard to the Falcidian law.
§28.6.41.4Qui discretas portiones coniunctis pluribus separatim dedit ac post omnem institutionis ordinem ita scripsit: 'quos heredes meos inuicem substituo', coniunctos primo loco uice mutua substituere uidetur: quibus institutionum partes non agnoscentibus ceteros omnes coheredes admitti.
He who gave separate portions to several joint heirs individually and, after the whole order of institution, wrote: "whom I substitute for each other as my heirs," is deemed to substitute the joint heirs for each other in the first place; if they do not accept their portions of the institution, all the other co-heirs are admitted.
§28.6.41.5Qui patrem et filium pro parte heredes instituerat et inuicem substituerat, reliquis coheredibus datis post completum assem ita scripsit: 'hos omnes inuicem substituo'. uoluntatis fit quaestio, commemoratione omnium patrem et filium substitutioni coheredum miscuisset an eam scripturam ad ceteros omnes transtulisset: quod magis uerisimile uidetur propter specialem inter patrem et filium substitutionem.
A person who had appointed a father and son as heirs for a portion and had substituted them for each other, having appointed the remaining co-heirs after completing the whole estate (as), wrote as follows: "I substitute all of these for each other." A question of intent arises, whether by the mention of "all" he had mixed the father and son in the substitution of the co-heirs, or whether he had transferred that writing only to all the others. The latter seems more probable on account of the special substitution between the father and son.
§28.6.41.6Coheres impuberi filio datus eidemque substitutus legata e secundis tabulis relicta perinde praestabit, ac si pure partem et sub condicione partem alteram accepisset.
A co-heir given to an underage son and substituted for him shall perform the legacies left from the secondary tablets just as if he had received one part unconditionally and the other part conditionally.
non idem seruabitur alio substituto: nam ille Falcidiae rationem induceret quasi plane sub condicione primis tabulis heres institutus, tametsi maxime coheres filio datus quadrantem integrum optineret.
The same shall not be observed in the case of another substitute; for he would introduce the calculation of the Falcidian law, as if appointed heir on the primary tablets entirely under condition, even though the co-heir given to the son should obtain a full quarter (quadrans).
nam et cum legatum primis tabulis Titio datur, secundis autem tabulis eadem res Sempronio, Sempronius quandoque Titio concurrit.
For indeed, when a legacy is given to Titius on the primary tablets, and the same thing to Sempronius on the secondary tablets, Sempronius sometimes concurs with Titius.
§28.6.41.7Cum pater impuberi filiae, quae nouissima diem suum obisset, tabulas secundas fecisset et impubes filia superstite sorore pubere uita decessisset, irritam esse factam substitutionem placuit, in persona quidem prioris, quia non nouissima decessit, in alterius uero, quia puberem aetatem compleuit.
When a father had made secondary tablets for his underage daughter who should die last, and the underage daughter died while her sister of full age survived, it was decided that the substitution had become void: indeed in the person of the former because she did not die last, and in that of the other because she had completed the age of puberty.
§28.6.41.8Non uideri cum uitio factam substitutionem his uerbis placuit: 'ille filius meus si (quod abominor) intra pubertatis annos decesserit, tunc in locum partemue eius Titius heres esto', non magis quam si post demonstratam condicionem sibi heredem esse substitutum iussisset: nam et qui certae rei heres instituitur coherede non dato, bonorum omnium hereditatem optinet.
It has been decided that a substitution made in these words does not appear to be made with a defect: "if that son of mine should die (which I deprecate) within the years of puberty, Titius shall then be heir in his place or to his share," no more than if, after the condition had been declared, he had ordered an heir to be substituted for himself; for even he who is appointed heir to a specific thing, no co-heir being given, obtains the inheritance of all the goods.