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Justinian I · The Digest of Justinian §26.2.11.pr-26.2.11.4

Statutory Guardianship upon Excuse, Removal, or Death of a Tutor

Passage 3757 of 9271 · Latin

Summary

Ulpian discusses the relationship with statutory guardianship when a testamentary guardian is appointed under a condition, or is excused or removed, and the return to statutory guardianship upon their death.

[IDEM libro trigesimo septimo ad Sabinum. ] §26.2.11.prSi quis sub condicione uel ex die tutorem dederit, medio tempore alius tutor dandus est, quamuis legitimum tutorem pupillus habeat: sciendum est enim, quamdiu testamentaria tutela speratur, legitimam cessare.
[THE SAME, from the thirty-seventh book on Sabinus.] If anyone has appointed a guardian under a condition or from a certain day, in the intervening time another guardian must be given, although the ward has a statutory guardian: for it must be known that as long as a testamentary guardianship is expected, the statutory one is suspended.
§26.2.11.1Et si semel ad testamentarium deuoluta fuerit tutela, deinde excusatus sit tutor testamentarius, adhuc dicimus in locum excusati dandum, non ad legitimum tutorem redire tutelam.
And if guardianship has once devolved upon a testamentary guardian, and then the testamentary guardian is excused, we still say that another must be given in place of the excused one, and that the guardianship does not return to the statutory guardian.
§26.2.11.2Idem dicimus et si fuerit remotus: nam et hic idcirco abit, ut alius detur.
We say the same also if he has been removed: for here too he departs for this reason, that another may be given.
§26.2.11.3Quod si tutor testamento datus decesserit, ad legitimum tutela redit, quia hic senatus consultum cessat.
But if a guardian appointed by will dies, the guardianship returns to the statutory guardian, because here the decree of the senate does not apply.
§26.2.11.4Plane si duo pluresue fuerint tutores testamentarii, in locum eius, qui decessit uel in ciuitate esse desiit, poterit dari alius: ceterum si nullus supersit uel in ciuitate sit, legitima tutela succedit.
Clearly, if there were two or more testamentary guardians, another can be given in place of him who died or ceased to be in the citizen body: but if none survives or is in the citizen body, the statutory guardianship succeeds.

Notes

  1. §26.2.11.prsciendum est enim, quamdiu testamentaria tutela speratur, legitimam cessare — An accusative with infinitive (AcI) construction follows the impersonal gerundive construction "sciendum est". The subject "legitimam" is a feminine singular accusative with "tutelam" (statutory guardianship) omitted, serving as the subject of the infinitive "cessare" (to cease/be suspended). The subordinate clause "quamdiu..." is embedded within this structure.
  2. §26.2.11.1adhuc dicimus in locum excusati dandum — An accusative with infinitive (AcI) construction governed by "dicimus". "dandum" is a gerundive with "esse" omitted. The substantive subject of "dandum" (the accusative "tutorem", i.e., another guardian) is omitted contextually and must be supplied to mean "that another must be given."
  3. §26.2.11.4in ciuitate esse desiit — Literally "ceased to be in the citizen body," referring to the loss of Roman citizenship or legal status through capitis deminutio (deminution of status). Syntactically, the verb "desiit" (ceased) is accompanied by the complementary infinitive "esse" (to be).

Cite this passage

Justinian I, The Digest of Justinian §26.2.11.pr-26.2.11.4. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:latinLit:phi2806.phi002.humanitext-lat1:26.2.11.pr-26.2.11.4

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