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Justinian I · The Digest of Justinian §22.1.14.pr-22.1.14.1

Default in Fideicommissum and Offspring of Female Slaves

Passage 3174 of 9271 · Latin

Summary

This section discusses the obligation to restore the offspring of female slaves in case of default on a fideicommissum, and the rule that those born before the vesting day are excluded, based on the opinions of Paulus and Neratius.

[PAULUS libro quarto decimo responsorum. ] §22.1.14.prRespondit Paulus moram in soluendo fideicommisso factam partus quoque ancillarum restituendos.
[PAULUS, from the fourteenth book of Opinions.] Paulus answered that default in paying a fideicommissum made it necessary that the offspring of female slaves also should be restored.
§22.1.14.1Heres rogatus erat post mortem suam sine reditu hereditatem restituere: quaesitum est, an partus ancillarum etiam uiuo herede nati restituendi essent propter uerba testamenti, quibus de reditu solo deducendo testator sensit.
An heir had been requested to restore the inheritance after his death without the income: the question was asked whether the offspring of female slaves born even during the lifetime of the heir had to be restored, because of the words of the will, by which the testator meant only the deduction of income.
Paulus respondit ante diem fideicommissi cedentem partus ancillarum editos fideicommisso non contineri.
Paulus answered that the offspring of female slaves born before the vesting day of the fideicommissum were not included in the fideicommissum.
Neratius libro primo ita refert eum, qui similiter rogatus esset, ut mulierem restitueret, partum eius restituere cogendum non esse, nisi tunc editus esset, cum in fideicommisso restituendo moram fecisset.
Neratius, in his first book, reports that a person who had been similarly requested to restore a woman is not to be compelled to restore her offspring, unless it was born at a time when he was in default in restoring the fideicommissum.
neque interesse existimo, an ancilla specialiter an hereditas in fideicommisso sit.
And I think it makes no difference whether a specific female slave or an inheritance is the object of the fideicommissum.

Notes

  1. §22.1.14.prmoram in soluendo fideicommisso factam partus quoque ancillarum restituendos — A difficult elliptical construction in indirect speech (accusative with infinitive). A causative verb such as "facere" or "efficere" is understood after "restituendos", or "moram... factam" acts as a causal accusative leading to "partus... restituendos [esse]". It is generally understood to mean that the default makes the offspring of female slaves also liable to be restored.
  2. §22.1.14.1ante diem fideicommissi cedentem — "Before the vesting day of the fideicommissum." This phrase is derived from the legal technical term "dies cedens" (or "dies cedit", meaning "the day accrues"), which refers to the day on which a legal right becomes vested or accrued to the beneficiary.

Cite this passage

Justinian I, The Digest of Justinian §22.1.14.pr-22.1.14.1. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:latinLit:phi2806.phi002.humanitext-lat1:22.1.14.pr-22.1.14.1

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