[PAPINIANUS libro septimo quaestionum. ] §21.2.64.prEx mille iugeribus traditis ducenta flumen abstulit.
[PAPINIANUS from the seventh book of questions.] Out of one thousand iugera delivered, a river washed away two hundred.
si postea pro indiuiso ducenta euincantur, duplae stipulatio pro parte quinta, non quarta praestabitur: nam quod perit, damnum emptori, non uenditori attulit.
If afterwards two hundred iugera are evicted as an undivided share, the liability under the stipulation for double value shall be performed for a fifth part, not a fourth; for what perished brought loss to the buyer, not to the seller.
si totus fundus quem flumen deminuerat euictus sit, iure non deminuetur euictionis obligatio, non magis quam si incuria fundus aut seruus traditus deterior factus sit: nam et e contrario non augetur quantitas euictionis, si res melior fuerit effecta.
If the entire tract of land which the river had diminished should be evicted, the obligation of eviction will not be legally diminished, any more than if a delivered tract of land or slave had deteriorated through negligence; for, conversely, the measure of eviction is not increased if the thing has been made better.
§21.2.64.1Quod si modo terrae integro qui fuerat traditus ducenta iugera per alluuionem accesserunt ac postea pro indiuiso pars quinta totius euicta sit, perinde pars quinta praestabitur, ac si sola ducenta de illis mille iugeribus quae tradita sunt fuissent euicta, quia alluuionis periculum non praestat uenditor.
But if, while the measure of the land which had been delivered remained whole, two hundred iugera were added by alluvion, and afterwards a fifth part of the whole is evicted as an undivided share, a fifth part shall be performed just as if only two hundred out of those one thousand iugera which were delivered had been evicted, because the seller does not warrant against the risk of alluvion.
§21.2.64.2Quaesitum est, si mille iugeribus traditis perissent ducenta, mox alluuio per aliam partem fundi ducenta attulisset ac postea pro indiuiso quinta pars euicta esset: pro qua parte auctor teneretur.
It was asked, if out of one thousand iugera delivered, two hundred had perished, and soon after alluvion had added two hundred through another part of the land, and afterwards a fifth part was evicted as an undivided share: for what part the seller would be held liable.
dixi consequens esse superioribus, ut neque pars quinta mille iugerum neque quarta debeatur euictionis nomine, sed perinde teneatur auctor, ac si de octingentis illis residuis sola centum sexaginta fuissent euicta: nam reliqua quadraginta, quae uniuerso fundo decesserunt, pro rata nouae regionis esse intellegi.
I said that it follows from the preceding principles that neither a fifth nor a fourth part of the one thousand iugera is due on account of eviction, but the seller is liable just as if out of those remaining eight hundred only one hundred and sixty had been evicted; for the remaining forty, which were lost from the land as a whole, are understood to be in proportion to the new region.
§21.2.64.3Ceterum cum pro diuiso pars aliqua fundi euincitur, tametsi certus numerus iugerum traditus sit, tamen non pro modo, sed pro bonitate regionis praestatur euictio.
On the other hand, when some part of a tract of land is evicted as a divided portion, even if a certain number of iugera was delivered, nevertheless the eviction is performed not in proportion to the measure, but in proportion to the quality of the region.
§21.2.64.4Qui unum iugerum pro indiuiso solum habuit, tradidit, secundum omnium sententias non totum dominium transtulit, sed partem dimidiam iugeri, quemadmodum si locum certum aut fundum similiter tradidisset.
He who owned only one iugerum as an undivided share and delivered it, according to the opinions of all, did not transfer the entire ownership, but a half part of the iugerum, just as if he had similarly delivered a specific place or a tract of land.