[PAULUS libro primo ad edictum aedilium curulium. ] §21.1.43.prBouem qui cornu petit uitiosum esse plerique dicunt, item mulas quae cessum dant: ea quoque iumenta, quae sine causa turbantur et semet ipsa eripiunt, uitiosa esse dicuntur.
[PAULUS in the first book on the Edict of the Curule Aediles.] Most say that an ox which is prone to butt with its horn is defective, as also are mules which balk; those beasts of burden too, which without cause are startled and run away, are said to be defective.
§21.1.43.1Qui ad amicum domini deprecaturus confugit, non est fugitiuus: immo etiamsi ea mente sit, ut non impetrato auxilio domum non reuertatur, nondum fugitiuus est, quia non solum consilii, set et facti fugae nomen est.
A slave who flees to a friend of his master to seek intercession is not a runaway; indeed, even if he is of such a mind that he will not return home if assistance is not obtained, he is not yet a runaway, because the name of "flight" belongs not only to intention but also to fact.
§21.1.43.2Qui persuasu alterius a domino recessit, fugitiuus est, licet id non fuerit facturus citra consilium eius qui persuasit.
He who has left his master through the persuasion of another is a runaway, even though he would not have done so without the advice of the person who persuaded him.
§21.1.43.3Si seruus meus bona fide tibi seruiens fugerit uel sciens se meum esse uel ignorans, fugitiuus est, nisi animo ad me reuertendi id fecit.
If my slave, who is serving you in good faith, runs away, whether he knows he is mine or is ignorant of it, he is a runaway, unless he did so with the intention of returning to me.
§21.1.43.4Mortis consciscendae causa sibi facit, qui propter nequitiam malosque mores flagitiumue aliquod admissum mortem sibi consciscere uoluit, non si dolorem corporis non sustinendo id fecerit.
He who, because of his wickedness, bad character, or some committed crime, wished to bring death upon himself, does harm to himself for the purpose of committing suicide; but not so if he did it because he could not endure bodily pain.
§21.1.43.5Si quis seruum emerit et rapto eo ui bonorum raptorum actione quadruplum consecutus est, deinde seruum redhibeat, reddere debebit quod accepit: sed si per eum seruum iniuriam passus iniuriae nomine egerit, non reddet uenditori: aliter forsitan atque si loris ab aliquo caeso aut quaestione de eo habita emptor egerit.
If anyone buys a slave, and, the slave having been taken by force, obtains fourfold the value by the action for property taken by force, and then returns the slave under redhibition, he must restore what he received; but if he suffered an injury through that slave and brought an action on the ground of injury, he shall not restore the damages to the seller; though the case is perhaps different if the buyer brought an action because the slave had been beaten with lashes by someone or had been subjected to torture.
§21.1.43.6Aliquando etiam redhiberi mancipium debebit, licet aestimatoria, id est quanto minoris, agamus: nam si adeo nullius sit pretii, ut ne expediat quidem tale mancipium domini habere, ueluti si furiosum aut lunaticum sit, licet aestimatoria actum fuerit, officio tamen iudicis continebitur, ut reddito mancipio pretium recipiatur.
Sometimes a slave must be returned, even though we bring the estimatory action, that is, for a reduction in price; for if the slave is of so little value that it is not even advantageous for his master to keep such a slave, as for instance if he is insane or lunatic, then, although the estimatory action has been brought, it will still fall within the office of the judge that the slave be returned and the price recovered.
§21.1.43.7Si quis, cum consilium inisset fraudandorum creditorum, redhibuerit non redhibiturus alias, nisi uellet eos fraudare, tenetur creditoribus propter mancipium uenditor.
If anyone, having entered into a plan to defraud his creditors, returns a slave under redhibition, which he would not otherwise have returned unless he wished to defraud them, the seller is liable to the creditors on account of the slave.
§21.1.43.8Pignus manebit obligatum, etiamsi redhibitus fuerit seruus: quemadmodum, si eum alienasset aut usum fructum eius, non recte redhibetur nisi redemptum, sic et pignore liberatum redhibetur.
The pledge will remain bound, even if the slave has been returned under redhibition; just as, if he had alienated the slave or his usufruct, there is no proper redhibition unless the slave or usufruct is redeemed, so also must he be returned freed from the pledge.
§21.1.43.9Si sub condicione homo emptus sit, redhibitoria actio ante condicionem exsistentem inutiliter agitur, quia nondum perfecta emptio arbitrio iudicis imperfecta fieri non potest: et ideo etsi ex empto uel uendito uel redhibitoria ante actum fuerit, expleta condicione iterum agi poterit.
If a slave has been bought under a condition, the redhibitory action is brought to no purpose before the condition is fulfilled, because a sale which is not yet perfected cannot be made unperfected by the decision of a judge; and therefore, even if an action on purchase, on sale, or the redhibitory action has been brought beforehand, it can be brought again once the condition is fulfilled.
§21.1.43.10Interdum etiamsi pura sit uenditio, propter iuris condicionem in suspenso est, ueluti si seruus, in quo alterius usus fructus, alterius proprietas est, aliquid emerit: nam dum incertum est, ex cuius re pretium soluat, pendet, cui sit adquisitum, et ideo neutri eorum redhibitoria competit.
Sometimes, even if a sale is unconditional, it is held in suspense because of a legal condition, as for instance if a slave, in whom one person has the usufruct and another the ownership, has bought something; for as long as it is uncertain from whose property he pays the price, it is in suspense for whom it is acquired, and therefore the redhibitory action is available to neither of them.