[ULPIANUS libro quinto ad edictum. ] §2.4.4.prquique litigandi causa necesse habet in iure uel certo loco sisti: nec furiosos uel infantes.
[ULPIAN, in the fifth book on the Edict.] and anyone who, for the purpose of litigation, has a necessity to be produced in court or in a certain place; nor madmen or infants.
§2.4.4.1Praetor ait: 'parentem, patronum patronam, liberos parentes patroni patronae in ius sine permissu meo ne quis uocet’. §2.4.4.2Parentem hic utriusque sexus accipe: sed an in infinitum, quaeritur.
The Praetor says: 'Let no one summon to court a parent, a patron, a patroness, or the children and parents of a patron or patroness, without my permission.' Understand 'parent' here as of either sex; but it is questioned whether this goes on to infinity.
quidam parentem usque ad tritauum appellari aiunt, superiores maiores dici: hoc ueteres existimasse Pomponius refert: sed Gaius Cassius omnes in infinitum parentes dicit, quod et honestius est et merito optinuit.
Some say that 'parent' is the term used up to the great-great-great-grandfather, and those above them are called 'ancestors'; Pomponius reports that the ancients held this opinion. But Gaius Cassius says that all ancestors to infinity are called 'parents,' which is both more honorable and has deservedly prevailed.
§2.4.4.3Parentes etiam eos accipi Labeo existimat, qui in seruitute susceperunt: nec tamen, ut Seuerus dicebat, ad solos iustos liberos: sed et si uolgo quaesitus sit filius, matrem in ius non uocabit,
Labeo thinks that those also are to be accepted as parents who begot children while in slavery; nor, however, as Severus used to say, does this apply to legitimate children alone: but even if a son is born out of wedlock, he shall not summon his mother to court.